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Jiangxi High Court issued 10 typical cases involving wildlife crimes.

　　On February 24th this year, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) deliberated and passed the Decision on Completely Banning Illegal Wildlife Trade, Eliminating the Bad Habit of Eating Wild Animals, and Effectively Safeguarding People’s Life, Health and Safety, which is of great significance for winning the war of preventing and controlling epidemic situation, safeguarding people’s life, health and safety, raising all social members’ awareness of ecological protection and public health and safety, promoting the construction of ecological civilization, and promoting the harmonious coexistence between man and nature.

　　Wild animals are an important part of biodiversity and natural ecosystem, and play an irreplaceable role in maintaining ecological balance and ensuring human living environment. In order to increase the publicity of wildlife criminal judicial protection and guide the public to enhance their awareness of wildlife protection, the Jiangxi High Court selected 10 cases of wildlife-related crimes that have taken effect since 2019, and now they are released.

　　01

　　Defendant Yu Moumou illegally hunted and killed precious and endangered wild animals.

　　[Basic case]

　　From April to June, 2019, the defendant Yu Moumou hunted seven muntjac, one South China rabbit, one wild boar and two tiger frogs with tools such as traps and sticks, which were mostly used for food. After identification, the tiger frog captured by the defendant Yu Moumou belongs to the national second-class key protected wild animals, and the remaining species such as muntjac are included in the List of Terrestrial Wild Animals that are beneficial to national protection or have important economic and scientific research value. According to the expert’s assessment, the direct economic loss of the hunted wild animals is 21,780 yuan, and the ecological restoration of wild animals can be replaced by artificial restoration in the wild. The cost of ecological resources restoration is 108,285 yuan, totaling 130,065 yuan.

　　[Judgment result]

　　The Taihe County People’s Court held that the defendant Yu’s hunting and killing of tiger frog, a precious wild animal under special state protection, violated the state’s key protection system for precious and endangered wild animal resources. At the same time, he violated the hunting laws and regulations and used prohibited tools to hunt during the hunting ban period, destroying wild animal resources, and the circumstances were serious. Yu Moumou has surrendered himself, pleaded guilty and was a first-time offender. The people’s procuratorate of Taihe County, the plaintiff of incidental civil public interest litigation, demanded that the defendant be ordered to compensate for direct economic losses and ecological restoration costs of 130,065 yuan and expert consultation fees of 6,000 yuan. The evidence submitted can be confirmed and well-founded in law. Judgment: The defendant Yu Moumou was convicted of illegal hunting and killing of precious and endangered wild animals, sentenced to six months in prison and fined RMB 10,000. He was sentenced to 10 months in prison for the crime of illegal hunting, decided to execute a fixed-term imprisonment of one year and two months, and fined 10,000 yuan; Compensation for direct economic losses of national wildlife resources and ecological resources restoration costs totaled 130,065 yuan; Undertake the expert consultation fee of 6000 yuan; Make a public apology in Ji ‘an municipal news media within ten days after the judgment takes effect.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　This case is a case of illegal hunting and killing of precious and endangered wild animals and criminal incidental civil public interest litigation of illegal hunting. The judgment of this case not only embodies the basic value orientation of severely punishing environmental resources crimes, but also highlights the independent position of environmental law interests, and embodies the criminal policy of combining leniency with severity, giving full play to the deterrent and educational functions of criminal law. Not only the criminal responsibility of the defendant for killing wild animals was investigated, but also the civil compensation responsibility of the defendant for the losses caused by his criminal behavior to the national wildlife resources, so as to remind people to love wild animals, stay away from game and live in harmony with nature, which has typical educational significance for protecting wildlife resources and the environment.

　　02

　　Defendant Ye Moumou illegally hunted and killed precious and endangered wild animals.

　　[Basic case]

　　Around April 2019, in order to prevent wild birds from eating their farmed loach, the defendant Ye Moumou set up five bird nets at his lobster and loach farm at the foot of the "Wenshanwu" mountain farm in Henglu Village, Shuangtian Town, leping city. On May 15th, 2019, leping city Forest Public Security Bureau received a report from Liu, a volunteer of wildlife protection, and found 22 birds and wild animals being hunted at the scene. After identification, 22 wild birds were hunted, including one yellow-clawed falcon, one white-breasted jadeite, which belongs to the national second-class protected wild animals, and the other 20 wild birds were unable to identify the species and protection level. After supplementary appraisal, the value of yellow-claw falcon is RMB 15,000, and that of white-breasted jadeite is RMB 500 yuan. On May 16, 2019, the defendant Ye Moumou took the initiative to go to the leping city Forest Public Security Bureau to explain that he had placed a bird net at the foot of the "Wenshanwu" mountain in Henglu Village to catch birds.

　　The People’s Procuratorate of leping city, the prosecutor of incidental civil public interest litigation, held that the defendant Ye’s behavior not only violated the criminal law, but also violated the provisions of the Wildlife Protection Law, which destroyed the ecological environment and harmed the public interest, and requested that Ye be ordered to compensate for the loss of wildlife resources of 16,000 yuan and apologize in the municipal public media.

　　[Judgment result]

　　The leping city People’s Court held that the defendant Ye Moumou violated the state regulations on the management of rare and endangered wildlife resources, and set up a bird net around the fish pond to illegally hunt and kill the rare and endangered national second-class key protected animal, the yellow claw falcon, which constituted the crime of illegally hunting and killing rare and endangered wildlife. The defendant Ye Moumou’s illegal hunting and killing of precious and endangered wild animals destroyed the ecological environment, harmed the national interests and social public interests, and should bear corresponding civil liabilities. Judgment: The defendant Ye Moumou was convicted of illegally hunting and killing precious and endangered wild animals, sentenced to six months in prison, suspended for one year, and fined RMB 4,000; Compensate for the loss of national wildlife resources of 16,000 yuan and turn it over to the state treasury; Apologize to the municipal public media within one month from the effective date of the judgment.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　The Wildlife Protection Law stipulates that any organization or individual has the obligation to protect wild animals and their habitats. This case is a criminal case of illegal hunting and killing of precious and endangered wild animals in daily life and production. Although the defendant’s subjective purpose is not to eat or sell, his behavior of setting up bird nets objectively caused the loss of national wildlife resources, which reached the standard of criminal filing and prosecution and should be punished. At the same time, the defendant’s behavior harmed the public interest and should bear corresponding civil liability.

　　03

　　Defendant Dian Moumou illegally purchased and sold precious and endangered wild animals.

　　[Basic case]

　　On April 16, 2019, the defendant Dian Moumou bought six eagle wild animals from Cao Moumou (handled separately) at the price of 720 yuan/kg, and paid 12,880 yuan. Later, the tenant sold the six eagle wild animals illegally acquired by him to others at the price from 790 yuan to 800 yuan/kg (handled separately). On April 29, 2019, Zou Moumou was arrested by the Forest Public Security Bureau of Nancheng County, Fuzhou City. After identification, the six wild eagles illegally purchased and sold by Dian Moumou are all snake carvings, belonging to other eagles of Falconiformes and belonging to the national second-class key protected wild animals. Dian returned the illegal income of 13,700 yuan, and voluntarily signed the Pledge of Confession and Punishment.

　　[Judgment result]

　　The Nancheng County People’s Court held that the defendant Dian Moumou knew that eagle wild animals were rare and endangered wild animals under special state protection, but he still illegally purchased and sold them, which constituted the crime of illegally purchasing and selling rare and endangered wild animals. According to the corresponding quantitative standards listed in Article 3 of the Supreme People’s Court’s Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Specific Application of Laws in the Trial of Criminal Cases of Destroying Wild Animal Resources and the attached table, illegally purchasing and selling more than 6 falconidae (all species) was a "plot". After being arrested, Dian Moumou can truthfully confess all the crimes, voluntarily return the illegal income, voluntarily plead guilty and admit punishment, and perform well in repentance, and can be given a lighter punishment according to law. Judgment: The defendant, Dian Moumou, was convicted of illegally purchasing and selling precious and endangered wild animals, sentenced to five years in prison and fined 5,000 yuan; The returned illegal income of RMB 13,700 shall be confiscated and turned over to the state treasury.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　The act of purchasing wildlife protected by the state will constitute a crime and will be subject to criminal punishment. At the same time, through the trial of this case, it also warns the general public to protect wildlife resources and promote the harmonious coexistence between man and nature. In this case, the court determined the name and protection level of wild animals involved in the case according to the judicial expertise, and convicted and sentenced them according to the standards of judicial interpretation, which has certain reference significance for the trial of similar cases.

　　04

　　Defendant Jiang Moumou illegally hunted and killed precious wild animals and illegally hunted.

　　[Basic case]

　　In August 2018, the defendant Jiang bought electric cats and wires, installed electric cats in his home in Yantai Village, Jiangcun Township, Fuliang County, Jingdezhen City in September 2018, and set up wires in the "Mazhulong" mountain field behind his house. From September 10, 2018, plug in the power supply at 8 o’clock every night, hunt, and peel and dismember the hunted wild animals. On October 31, 2018, the police seized one electric cat and 10 bags of animal flesh in black plastic bags in Jiang’s home. Appraised by judicial authentication institutions, there is one black muntjac in the 10 bags of animal bodies, which belongs to the national first-class protected wild animals; There are 1 muntjac and 2 crested deer, which are key protected terrestrial wild animals in Jiangxi province.

　　[Judgment result]

　　The Fuliang County People’s Court held that the defendant Jiang Moumou used the banned tool electric cat to hunt three provincial-level key protected terrestrial wild animals in Jiangxi during the hunting ban, and his behavior constituted the crime of illegal hunting; During his illegal hunting, he captured a national first-class protected wild animal, and the circumstances were serious. His behavior also constituted the crime of illegally hunting and killing precious wild animals, and he should be punished for several crimes. In view of the fact that the defendant Jiang Moumou voluntarily surrendered himself after the incident and truthfully confessed his criminal facts, he surrendered himself and could be given a mitigated punishment according to law. Judgment: The defendant was convicted of illegal hunting and sentenced to 10 months in prison; He was convicted of illegally hunting and killing precious national wild animals, sentenced to three years in prison and fined 5,000 yuan. He decided to execute a fixed-term imprisonment of three years and six months and fined 5,000 yuan.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　In this case, the defendant is located in a mountainous area and has a weak legal consciousness. In order to eat, he illegally hunted and killed wild animals protected by the state and should be punished by law. It can be seen from this case that in order to protect wildlife resources, get rid of the bad habit of eating wild animals, and effectively protect people’s lives, health and safety, in addition to cracking down on crimes according to law, we must further strengthen publicity and education, so as to effectively improve the initiative and consciousness of all members of society to participate together.

　　05

　　Defendant Fang Moumou illegally hunted endangered wild animals.

　　[Basic case]

　　On July 28, 2018, the People’s Government of Wuning County, Jiujiang City issued a notice on the wildlife sanctuary and hunting ban period. Wuning County is a sanctuary and hunting ban period throughout the year, and the announcement is valid for 5 years. One day in January and February of 2017, the defendant Fang Moumou set up 13 pairs of snake nets to trap wild snakes on the hillside next to the "Meilong Reservoir" in Yangtian, Yangdu Village, Luoping Town. From May 6 to 22, 2019, the defendant Fang Moumou hunted 2 golden snakes, 3 zaocys and 2 Zhoushan cobras in his own fish pond and the pond of the Agricultural Institute of Yangdu Village, Luoping Town. Wuning County People’s Procuratorate filed a public prosecution with Wuning County People’s Court for Fang’s crime of illegal hunting and illegal hunting of endangered wild animals. After trial, the court sentenced the defendant Fang Moumou to the crime of illegally hunting endangered wild animals, sentenced him to eight months in prison and fined him RMB 5,000. He was convicted of illegal hunting and sentenced to five months in criminal detention; Combined punishment for several crimes, he decided to execute a fixed-term imprisonment of eight months and fined RMB 5,000.

　　The defendant Fang Moumou refused to accept the judgment of the first instance and appealed.

　　[Judgment result]

　　Jiujiang Intermediate People’s Court held that the appellant Fang Moumou ignored the national laws and hunted Zhoushan cobra, an endangered wild animal, and his behavior constituted the crime of illegally hunting endangered wild animals. Confessing the facts of the crime truthfully after being brought to justice is a confession, and if you plead guilty in court, you can be given a lighter punishment according to law. A hunted live king snake is released after being detained, and may be given a lighter punishment as appropriate. After Fang Moumou arrived at the case, he reported and exposed the criminal facts of Li Moumou and assisted in the capture of Li Moumou, which was a meritorious service and could be given a lighter or mitigated punishment according to law. Its illegal hunting took place before the government issued the notice of the wildlife sanctuary and the hunting ban period, and the number of illegally hunted wild animals did not reach more than 20. Therefore, the crime of illegal hunting identified in the first instance was wrong in law, and the second instance made a judgment on February 25, 2020: the judgment of the other party in the first instance was revoked, and Fang was convicted of illegally hunting endangered wild animals, sentenced to eight months in prison and fined RMB 5,000.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　At present, all parts of the country, especially Wuhan, Hubei Province, are suffering from the COVID-19 epidemic, which has seriously affected our normal production and life, and greatly threatened the lives, health and safety of the broad masses of people. The indiscriminate catching and indiscriminate eating of wild animals has once again sounded the alarm. The case was accepted and pronounced during the epidemic, and the court applied laws and regulations to convict and sentence in strict accordance with the law, which reflected the determination to crack down on wildlife-related crimes.

　　06

　　Defendant He Moumou illegally hunted precious and endangered wild animals.

　　[Basic case]

　　On April 18, 2019, the defendant He Moumou used a strong flashlight and a net bag to capture 16 wild frogs in his rice field in Longtan Village, Sixia Town, Shangyou County, Ganzhou City. After being reported by the masses, the police of Shangyou County Forest Public Security Bureau went to He Moumou’s home for investigation on April 19, 2019, and seized the above-mentioned frogs and crime tools hunted by He Moumou on the spot. After identification, the 16 wild frogs hunted by He Moumou are all tiger frogs, which are national second-class protected wild animals. After handling the case, the police released the tiger frog hunted by He Moumou in the wild according to law.

　　[Judgment result]

　　The Shangyou County People’s Court held that the defendant He Moumou violated the wildlife protection laws and regulations and illegally hunted 16 tiger frog, a national second-class protected wild animal, which constituted the crime of illegally hunting rare and endangered wild animals. He was sentenced to two months’ criminal detention, suspended for three months and fined RMB 1,000.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　Tiger frog, commonly known as "frog", is a national second-class protected animal. No one may illegally hunt or kill tiger frog or illegally buy, transport or sell tiger frog and its products, otherwise it will be punished by criminal law. Although the case is a small one, starting from these small cases that often happen around us, it can better warn people not to cross the "legal thunder pool" and let everyone know that the boundary of wildlife protection is not only endangered animals such as lions and tigers, but also some common wild animals in life that need to be protected.

　　07

　　Defendant Liu Moumou illegally purchased precious and endangered wildlife products.

　　[Basic case]

　　In April 2018, the defendant Liu bought three frozen dead pangolins from Qiu Moumou (handled separately) in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, one of which was processed by Liu Moumou for his daughter-in-law, one was seized by the investigation agency, and one was given by Liu Moumou to his brother-in-law Fan Moumou to stew Chinese medicine. It was identified that a suspected pangolin seized and detained by Xingguo County Forest Public Security Bureau in the garage rented by Liu was Chinese pangolin, which belongs to the national second-class key protected wild animal. On December 19, 2018, Liu’s relatives returned the purchase price of two pangolins eaten by Liu’s daughter-in-law and Fan’s son-in-law for RMB 9,100. After returning to justice, Liu confessed his crimes voluntarily and truthfully.

　　[Judgment result]

　　The Xingguo County People’s Court held that the defendant Liu had illegally purchased the national second-class protected animal Pangolin (dead body), and his behavior constituted the crime of illegally purchasing precious and endangered wildlife products. After being brought to justice, he can truthfully confess the main criminal facts, which is frank and can be given a lighter punishment according to law; If he is a first-time offender and voluntarily pleads guilty in court, he may be given a lighter punishment as appropriate. Considering Liu’s criminal facts and circumstances comprehensively, the defendant Liu was convicted of illegally purchasing precious and endangered wildlife products, sentenced to one year and three months in prison, suspended for two years, and fined RMB 25,000; A dead pangolin seized in the case shall be confiscated and destroyed by the seizure organ according to law.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　This case is about the purchase of wildlife products (dead bodies) protected by the state, which violates the law and leads to crime. The trial of this case will lead the public to realize that it is illegal to buy and sell precious and endangered wild animals, whether living or dead, for food. It is everyone’s responsibility to protect wild animals. Everyone consciously abides by laws and regulations and does not participate in hunting, trading and eating wild animals, which can effectively block the spread of wild animal viruses.

　　08

　　Defendant Tang Moumou illegally acquired precious wild animals.

　　[Basic case]

　　On September 12, 2019, the defendant Tang bought two birds and wild animals at the price of 25 yuan when he was shopping in Xuzhen, Jiahu Township, longnan county City, Ganzhou City, and prepared to take them home for his grandson to eat. In the later Tang Dynasty, a certain person took two birds and wild animals back to the county home by shuttle bus, and was caught passing through the quannan county section. Appraised by judicial authentication institutions: one of the two wild birds is silver pheasant, which is a national second-class protected wild animal; The other one is a night heron, which is a terrestrial wild animal that is beneficial or has important economic and scientific value under national protection.

　　[Judgment result]

　　The quannan county People’s Court held that the defendant Tang Moumou illegally purchased the national second-class protected wild animals for the purpose of eating, and his behavior constituted the crime of illegally purchasing precious wild animals. After being brought to justice, truthfully confessing the facts of the crime is frank and can be given a lighter punishment according to law; Voluntary signing of the "Pledge of Confession and Punishment" can be punished leniently according to law; Can actively pay fines, and can be given a lighter punishment according to law. The defendant, Tang Moumou, was sentenced to one year’s imprisonment, suspended for one year and six months, and fined RMB 3,000.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　At present, the bad habit of eating wild animals is still widespread in some places. Many people have a weak legal concept and think that wild animals have special effects. Although there are laws expressly prohibiting them, they should do the opposite, which has seriously damaged the environmental resources and ecological balance. Due to long-term illegal hunting, more and more animal species are facing survival crisis. The trial of this case, while cracking down on it according to law, aims to educate people to strengthen their awareness of ecological protection and law, get rid of the bad habit of eating wild animals, and realize the harmonious coexistence between man and nature.

　　09

　　Defendant Ye Moumou illegally hunted and sold precious wild animals.

　　[Basic case]

　　On March 17, 2019, the defendant Ye Moumou set up a bird net to hunt an owl in the farmland near his home in Shuanglian Village, Qinglong Town, Dayu County, Ganzhou City without the approval of the competent forestry authorities. On March 19, Ye Moumou was reported by the masses when he sold the owl at the farmer’s market in Dayu County. After the police arrived at the scene, he captured it and seized the owl. The species name of the owl is collar-horned owl, which belongs to the national second-class key protected wild animal. After the incident, the police released the captured owl in the Lushan Scenic Area.

　　[Judgment result]

　　The Dayu County People’s Court held that the defendant Ye Moumou violated the national wildlife protection laws and regulations and illegally hunted and sold precious wild animals under special state protection without the approval of the competent forestry authorities, and his behavior constituted the crime of illegally hunting and selling precious wild animals, which should be punished according to law. In view of the fact that Ye Moumou was able to truthfully confess his crimes after being brought to justice, voluntarily pleaded guilty and pleaded guilty, and the precious wild owl he hunted had been released, the court gave him a lighter punishment according to law; At the same time, considering that his criminal circumstances are minor, he shows remorse, there is no danger of committing another crime, and the probation has no significant adverse effect on the community where he lives, the defendant Ye Moumou was convicted of illegal hunting and selling precious wild animals, sentenced to six months’ imprisonment, suspended for one year, and fined 1000 yuan.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　Although the case is small, it is of great significance. Through the trial of this case, we will guide the masses, especially rural and mountainous residents, to enhance their awareness of ecological environmental protection and public health and safety, establish a new fashion of healthy eating, resolutely get rid of the bad habits of hunting, trading and eating wild animals, and develop a scientific, healthy and civilized lifestyle.

　　10

　　Defendants Chen Mou Hua, Chen Mou Feng, Liu Moumou and Xie Moumou illegally hunted.

　　[Basic case]

　　On the morning of April 16, 2019, the defendants Chen Mou Hua, Chen Mou Feng, Liu Moumou and Xie Moumou agreed to shoot birds together for food. At noon that day, Chen Mou Hua carried an air gun, an inflatable bottle and a number of bullets. Liu Moumou drove Chen Mou Hua, Chen Mou Feng and Xie Moumou along the highway to play birds in Feilong Village and Datong Village, Liuche Town, Xunwu County, Ganzhou City. Chen Mou Hua used an air gun to kill birds, and Chen Mou Feng, Liu Moumou and Xie Moumou were responsible for retrieving the hunted birds. At about 17 o’clock in the afternoon, Chen Mou Hua, Chen Mou Feng, Liu Moumou and Xie Moumou were stopped by the public security police on their way back by car, and 14 hunted birds and their tools were seized at the scene. Appraised by judicial authentication institutions, 5 pheasants, 2 turtledoves and 2 colorful snipes belong to provincial key protected wild animals.

　　[Judgment result]

　　Xunwu County People’s Court held that the defendants Chen Mou Hua, Chen Mou Feng, Liu Moumou and Xie Moumou violated hunting laws and regulations, used prohibited tools to hunt during the hunting ban, and the circumstances were serious, which constituted the crime of illegal hunting and was a joint crime. The four defendants, Chen Mou Hua, Chen Mou Feng, Liu Moumou and Xie Moumou, were all sentenced to four months’ criminal detention for illegal hunting.

　　[Typical meaning]

　　Protecting wildlife resources is of great significance for maintaining ecological balance. Although the law expressly prohibits illegal hunting of animals protected by the state, there are still people who ignore the law, covet small profits and hunt illegally. Through the trial of such cases, it is of great significance to crack down on and deter the illegal and criminal acts of destroying wildlife resources and guide the masses to establish the correct values of protecting the ecological environment and maintaining ecological balance.

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Is it really affordable or is there a trap？ Is free broadband really a good deal？

　　Handling a mobile phone number can not only make phone calls and send text messages, but also bind broadband accounts and get free broadband — — This "mobile phone package+free broadband" model sounds practical and cost-effective, and is favored by many consumers. Mr. Liu, a Shanghai citizen, chose a similar communication package. He told the author that the primary reason for his choice was "feeling very cost-effective".

　　However, some users said that without their knowledge, the free broadband that was handled a year ago began to be charged quietly, but it was difficult to cancel it. Is the "free broadband" package really affordable or is there a "trap"? What problems should consumers pay attention to when choosing this kind of business?

　　"Package" is not for everyone.

　　Data show that at the end of 2018, the number of fixed Internet broadband access users in China reached 407.38 million, an increase of 58.84 million over the end of last year. Free broadband and preferential packages vigorously promoted by major operators are indispensable. Operators seize market share through free broadband, which makes giving free broadband to mobile phone packages increasingly become a mainstream communication package type. However, when different consumers choose this kind of package, the experience is very different.

　　Yan wang, who lives in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, has been using a mobile phone to bind broadband services for three years. "The free broadband given in the mobile phone package is no problem to use, and the mode of automatic monthly payment also provides convenience for users." Yan wang said that when he first moved into his new home, he packed a set meal with the recommendation of the salesman. "Do broadband alone for a month to 40 yuan; Tied together, the telephone bill and broadband add up to 68 yuan every month, and I feel that the price is still very affordable. "

　　However, Cui Le, a junior at Wuhan University, is not satisfied with the same "free broadband" business. Under the propaganda of the communication company, Cui Le and several roommates handled a set meal together. However, after a period of use, Cui Le found that the given broadband service was not suitable for campus use: the database purchased by the school could not be used, and the teaching platform could not be logged in. But at the beginning of the business, no one told them that such problems might occur. After several months of continuous deduction, Cui Le and several roommates felt "lost" and had to go to the business hall at the same time to unsubscribe from the business and cancel their mobile phone numbers.

　　Be careful of "default automatic renewal"

　　The author’s investigation found that consumers’ dissatisfaction with the "mobile phone package+free broadband" model is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

　　Free broadband is difficult to meet the needs of specific groups. Like Cui Le, many students in school have been troubled by the incompatibility between free broadband and campus network, which leads to the helplessness of going to the library to "surf the internet" when there is broadband in the dormitory.

　　Most free broadband packages are automatically renewed by default, which is unreasonable for users who don’t want to use broadband continuously. Netizen "john young" vomited on the social network that his phone bill somehow rose to the monthly 300 yuan. Only after inquiring did he know that the free broadband he had received had expired, but the service did not terminate, but he continued to deduct money.

　　For users who want to unsubscribe, change packages or "port number transfer", the process is relatively troublesome. Xiao Zhang, who studied at the Central Academy of Fine Arts, applied to the operator for changing the lower tariff package in early 2018, but it has not been changed successfully so far. "The salesman first said on the phone that he would help me change it and take effect the next month, but then I found that the previous package had been automatically renewed for one year. To cancel the contract, I can only go to the business hall where the number belongs. My mobile phone number is from my hometown in Henan. It is impossible to go back from Beijing just to change the package. "

　　"port number transfer" forced operators

　　Can consumers avoid the above troubles while enjoying the preferential treatment? During the interview, Xu Li, a staff member of China Unicom, suggested that consumers should fully understand the package and contract before buying. "In order to avoid unnecessary troubles, users must carefully read the terms of the package contract before or during the handling of such bundled packages, and ask for early termination, ‘ Port number transfer ’ , due fees, etc., and then make a choice based on your own situation. " Xu Li said.

　　In response to the problem of automatic fee deduction, Liu Chunyan, an associate professor at Tongji University Law School, pointed out that mobile phone operators and users signed service contracts. If the operator does not inform the user and changes from free to charge, it is a unilateral change of the contract, which is a violation of the contract and constitutes a breach of contract. Furthermore, taking the form of automatic deduction unilaterally also infringes on the property rights of users, which constitutes infringement.

　　The promotion of "port number transfer" is also forcing major operators to improve network quality and service level as soon as possible. On May 21st, at the policy briefing in the State Council, Chen Zhaoxiong, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, pointed out that users should be guaranteed to fully enjoy the rights and interests of "port number transfer" and ensure that "port number transfer" will be realized nationwide before November 30th this year, so as to truly "take the number in hand and leave when you say it".

　　Xu Li believes that "port number transfer" has brought great challenges to operators. "In the future, we will optimize the package and simplify the products from the user’s point of view." Yan wang said with emotion: "‘ Port number transfer ’ The times are coming, and operators should think more about how to make good products. Users should be informed of the package terms more transparently, instead of using ‘ Free broadband ’ Wait for the gimmick to tie the user. "

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Interpretation ｜ A Persian class, stringing together half of the history of World War II movies


Special feature of 1905 film network The wind blows the clouds eastward,It is full of souls longing for peace;I know I will be happy — —In the distant place floating with the clouds … …This poem, which yearns for a peaceful place on the other side of the heart, appears in a very strange way in the movie.


The author of the poem is a German officer Koch. Although he was only a cook before joining the army, he was responsible for managing the logistics of Nazi concentration camps, but he was one of the core parts to maintain the operation of this killing machine. What is more ironic than his untimely ode to peace is the language that is the basis of creation — — A fake Persian made up by fake Persians.



Persian, which has never really been voiced, has become the main axis of the Persian class. Koch, who longed to reunite with his younger brother in Persia (formerly known as Iran) after the war, threw out the need to learn Persian, while Gilles, a Jew who got a Persian book by mistake, assumed Persian identity when he was dying, and was able to survive as a Persian teacher, even gaining the privilege of surpassing ordinary prisoners.


Gilles, who only knows the Persian pronunciation of the word "bam bam", tried his best to ensure that his identity would not be exposed — — Using the list of arrested Jews he came into contact with, he made a "Persian" that only belonged to him and Koch, using the names of his compatriots as the root words.



According to the director’s introduction at the Berlin premiere of the film, the text of the film is based on the novel of German writer Wolfgang Kohlhaase, and this seemingly absurd story has been heard by screenwriter Ilja Zofen since childhood. In order to meet the film’s strong setting of "creating language", the director and a linguistics professor even compiled a fake Persian dictionary containing nearly 600 words, and each "new" word corresponds to the name of a Nazi holocaust victim.


It’s easy to lie, but difficult to lie. Gilles, who always wants to survive, was suspected and beaten by Koch for making up new words with repeated roots. Fortunately, having written these new words into his subconscious, he won back Koch’s trust with a "Persian" call sign when he was seriously injured and dying — — What the Germans don’t know is that what he calls from the heart is the name that one compatriot can never erase, which is the evidence that they have survived and fought.


This is different from the idealized setting of the general concentration camp story expression, which makes people unable to help Italian movies. In that romantic work, which is completely saddled with happiness, the father plays a game-style password for his son who is not familiar with the world, so that every suffering in the concentration camp becomes a customs clearance password for his son to regain his freedom.



Language is also the anti-war password given by Persian class. Between Gilles, as a prisoner, and Koch, as a master, a "fabricated" language has become a link between their spiritual communication and even their status balance.


This narrative, which inspires the Nazi’s conscience through "skills" and even realizes the sublimation of human nature, has already become the mainstream of World War II movies with Jewish suffering memories.


Chopin’s nocturne, in which Chinese pianist Spearman was in tears, and the elegy in which Rachel, a female singer, was in full bloom in her misery, all inspired the Nazi officers’ call of humanity that had not yet collapsed in their hearts with artistic synaesthesia, and also gave a deep accusation for the group annihilation caused by war and extreme consciousness.



The teaching and learning mode in Persian class was also approximately presented in the middle of 2008. The film, which was adapted from the novel of the same name by German novelist Bernhard Schlink, traces the beauty of German teenager Micha reading famous works for illiterate woman Hannah with an unforgettable love affair, and all this beauty was annihilated by history when Hannah was tried as a guard of Auschwitz concentration camp.


Like many ordinary Germans in those days, Hannah, who just thought she was completing a national task or making a living, may not be aware of the evil that this "career" committed to mankind. The real "sin" that she has been ashamed to talk about all her life is her "illiteracy" status, even if hiding this fact is at the expense of taking on crimes that have nothing to do with her.



This "evil of mediocrity" is more thoroughly reflected in Koch, an officer in Persian class. He borrowed poems to show his heart to Gilstein, but he still could not understand the noble behavior that the latter would rather sacrifice himself than save his friend.


With this Persian learning trip that will eventually be revealed, Koch did not personally kill a Jew, but recorded the names of everyone who died in his register in language. With a selfish understanding of peace, maybe he won’t understand the blood and tears poured behind 2840 words in the end.



Under the direction of vadim perelman, a director who is good at transnational commercial production, Persian Course, with its compact rhythm and ups and downs, can be described as a synthesis of the essence of half the film history of World War II.


As a "Ukrainian-Canadian-American", it is not easy for Paellmann to present such a full-fledged work in a "dumb" way when dealing with plays written in Russian and then translated into English and distributed to actors in German. This shooting process is just in harmony with the communication mode created by the film.


When dealing with the crisis of "the arrival of the true Persians" that could have reversed Gankun, it can be said that the writing or shooting method that makes it disappear is bold. However, this also vaguely corresponds to the element that the film lacks slightly in the anti-war film sequence, that is, it does not set enough bedding and aftertaste for a series of strong plot coincidences, which seems to make the technique shine more than emotion in the face of such a deep historical tragedy.



Of course, every sad cry transmitted through images is a historical echo of reflection on the pain of war — — What’s more, it echoed 2840 times.


Observe today　 　 　


Shadan (curator of China Film Archive):Persian class tells you that the film can leap over the Tower of Babel, and it is a work made up of world language and world civilization. I think it’s a metaphor, which tells you that in this movie, many civilizations have formed a dialogue and balance through a so-called fabricated language. (Shadan, curator of China Film Archive.)


Wu Zhiying (director of Today’s Film Review):What would you say about a German officer in World War II? Sinners, dogs, war machines? Persian class showed me a bad guy in the public view, who was closer to the "ordinary people", so I had a complicated and unspeakable emotion towards this officer like most viewers, which became my motivation to do this program well. The actor who plays a German military officer said in an interview that he is very cautious about movies about World War II, and he is very resistant to taking on descriptive movies because it is difficult to restore the truth. Fortunately, this movie is metaphorical. I hope our program can strip away the abstract things and interpret them for the public.


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In may, the new regulations will grab the first item of ＂fresh＂ and it will concern everyone!

　　Xinhuanet Beijing, April 29th (Reporter Lu Junyu) From May, a batch of new regulations will be implemented. Let’s see how it affects our lives.

　　= = = New national regulations = = =

　　Since May, the contribution rate of basic old-age insurance units for urban employees has decreased.

　　A few days ago, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Comprehensive Plan for Reducing Social Insurance Rates", clarifying that from May 1, 2019, the contribution ratio of basic endowment insurance units for urban employees will be reduced; If the unit payment ratio is higher than 16%, it can be reduced to 16%; At present, it is less than 16%, and it is necessary to study and put forward transitional measures. At the same time, from May 1, 2019, the province that implements the total unemployment insurance rate of 1% will extend the period of reducing the unemployment insurance rate in stages until April 30, 2020.

　　The newly revised regulations on the disclosure of government information will come into force on May 15th.

　　The revision of the regulations mainly includes three aspects: First, insist on openness as the normal state, with non-disclosure as the exception, clarify the scope of government information disclosure, and continuously expand voluntary disclosure. The second is to improve the disclosure procedures according to the application, effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of applicants and relevant parties, and at the same time make necessary regulations on the behavior of a few applicants who improperly exercise their application rights and affect the normal development of government information disclosure. The third is to strengthen the convenience service requirements, improve the effectiveness of government information disclosure by strengthening the use of information technology, and give full play to the service role of government information in people’s production, life and economic and social activities.

　　The domestic residence time of individual tax residents was adjusted from one year to 183 days.

　　The State Administration of Taxation issued an announcement to adjust the issuance of China tax resident identity cards from May 1st. According to the new regulations, the residence time of individual tax residents in China is adjusted from one year to 183 days.

　　The Supreme Law promulgated the People’s Jury Law, and the judicial interpretation put an end to "jury in court" and "supernumerary judges"

　　The Supreme People’s Court promulgated the judicial interpretation of the People’s Jury Law and the measures for the training, assessment, rewards and punishments of people’s jurors, and made specific provisions for people’s jurors to participate in trial activities, which will come into effect on May 1.

　　In view of the problems of "accompanying without trial, trial without deliberation" and "jury in court", the Interpretation clarifies the scope of cases that exclude the application of jury system, stipulates the rules for random selection of cases, regulates the speech order of collegiate panel, and further clarifies the upper limit of jurors’ participation in trial; At the same time, it is also clearly stipulated that people’s courts at all levels shall not arrange people’s jurors to engage in work unrelated to the performance of legal trial duties.

　　Fentanyl substancesIt will be implemented on May 1st.Whole class tube

　　The Ministry of Public Security, the National Health and Wellness Commission and National Medical Products Administration jointly issued an announcement, announcing that fentanyl substances will be included in the Supplementary Catalogue of Controlled Varieties of Non-medicinal Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Drugs from May 1st.

　　Pets can be exempted from quarantine for 30 days if they meet the entry requirements.

　　According to the Announcement of the General Administration of Customs on Relevant Matters of "Entry into the Zone before Inspection" for the inspection items of animal and plant products entering the Comprehensive Bonded Zone from overseas, from May 1st, passengers with pets can be exempted from quarantine immunity for 30 days if they meet the requirements. According to the regulations, the live animals brought into China are only dogs or cats (hereinafter referred to as "pets"), and each person is limited to one at a time.

　　There are three cases of being exempted from quarantine: 1. Pets brought into China from designated countries or regions have valid electronic chips and have passed the on-site quarantine. 2. Pets from non-designated countries or regions, with effective electronic chips, provide rabies antibody test reports issued by the letter-collecting laboratory (antibody titer or immune antibody amount must be above 0.5IU/ml) and pass the on-site quarantine inspection. 3. If the pet is a guide dog, a hearing dog or a rescue dog, it has an effective electronic chip, and the carrier provides the corresponding user certificate and professional training certificate and has passed the on-site quarantine.

　　= = = New local regulations = = =

　　Beijing: From May, electric bicycles will face punishment if they don’t hang the number plate on the road.

　　After May 1st, all electric bicycles without temporary signs or number plates will be driven on the road, and the traffic control department will impose penalties according to law.

　　Shanghai Revises Relevant Policies of Endowment Insurance for Urban and Rural Residents

　　In order to comprehensively promote the construction of the basic old-age insurance system covering all urban and rural residents in Shanghai, the Shanghai Municipal Government revised the Measures for Basic Old-age Insurance for Urban and Rural Residents in Shanghai. Those who participate in the old-age insurance for urban and rural residents should pay the old-age insurance premium in accordance with the regulations. The individual payment standard is set to 10 grades. The insured person can choose the grade to pay, and the district government will subsidize the payment of the household registration insured in this area. The monthly standard of basic pension is raised to 1010 yuan (including the minimum standard of basic pension determined by the central government); For the insured who have paid for more than 15 years, the basic pension will be increased by 20 yuan for each year.

　　Tianjin shows a "red card" for uncivilized behavior

　　The Regulations of Tianjin Municipality on the Promotion of Civilized Behavior will come into force on May 1, 2019. The regulations start with the basic norms of civilized behavior, and promote the cultivation of civilized lifestyle and civilized behavior habits with the rigidity and hardness of the rule of law.

　　The regulations respond to uncivilized behaviors that are reflected by the masses. According to the authority of local legislation, some moral norms are raised to the norms of local laws and regulations, and penalties are set according to the maximum amount for existing laws and regulations.

　　GuangdongAdd a patent award and a silver award

　　The newly revised "Guangdong Patent Incentive Measures" will be implemented on May 1, 2019. The revised "Measures" mainly adjusted and improved the patent awards and the amount of awards, the reporting and evaluation system, and the relevant reward and punishment system.

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I choke in English for Taiwan Province.

　　　　March 8. Five p. m. Anthony College, Oxford, Darendorf room.

　　　　The lecture was given by Kenny Golden, a senator from Virginia, USA and a former naval commander, who gave a lecture on "America, China and Taiwan Province".

　　　　The general content is how the United States assists in defending Taiwan Province, the deployment of troops and the strategy of assisting defense. The speaker compares the number of missiles, warships, tanks and soldiers on both sides of the Taiwan Strait with detailed data, which is nothing more than highlighting the mainland’s military threat to Taiwan Province. And declared that if you vote to fight for Taiwan Province, he will say yes. I always think that in the short term, war is impossible, and people are rational, so is the mainland, so is Taiwan Province, and so is the American devil.

　　　　After the lecture, the host asked everyone to ask questions. The middle host (Hong Kong people) should come from Taiwan Province and China (sorry, foreign countries are divided in this way. In order to distinguish themselves from Chinese mainland, they are willing to equate the mainland with China, but in the long run, even the cultural identity of China will be deconstructed. I am well aware that using the concept of mainland China intentionally on any occasion means that only China in Chinese mainland is not a complete China, and since there is a mainland, there must be an island. No matter where).

　　　　Then three people from Taiwan Province asked questions. Finally, a weak little woman from Taiwan Province looked at me timidly and asked, "If China take over Taiwan Province, how long will Taiwan Province last until the US military supports it?". I wonder in my heart that some people are spineless. When brothers are in trouble, they expect others to fight (it’s a pity that you treat others as brothers, others treat you as brothers, and people can’t say whether they treat you as enemies). Chinese’s history, how so cruel? But then I thought, the weak always have to find a backer, and today’s Taiwan Province is not the role of the counter-offensive against the mainland.

　　　　I have been in Oxford for four months, and I have always been humble enough to think that my English level is not good and I can’t ask questions casually. Looking around the room, I didn’t find a person from the mainland, leaving foreigners watching from the other side, waiting for an opportunity to deduce, and thought I was open to China. I also caught a glimpse of the host’s eye hints and expectations for me intentionally or unintentionally (maybe I was worrying too much and being romantic). No one will pick up the stubble. Someone has to step forward.

　　　　Let me get straight to the point: Dear Sir, I am from mainland China, Thank you very much. I have come here for 4 months, and my English is not good enough.But I want to ask you some questions,first one,why you foreignors always image China as an enemy? Our rise is not the process of fighting against any people any country.

　　　　As soon as I spoke, foreigners began to panic. They all said that they had no prejudice, and their eyes began to be gentle, and they did not rule out some appeasement. The former naval officer who gave the speech said that it was his job, and he was not hostile to Chinese, saying that Chinese thought, "If we won’t be the super power, we will stand out the side." And so on.

　　　　During the period, there are still some questions and answers. I interjected,’ There is a proven Chinese do not fight against Chinese’. Not long after, a Taiwan Province person opposite me was deeply marked with the "Taiwan Province Seal", and indirectly responded to my gentleman’s remark that "Chinese doesn’t fight Chinese, but we are from Taiwan Province", and that they can have more children, have democracy and so on. I’m sorry, I wanted to scold you, but I suppressed it. It’s not easy to think about these buddies. They always say that we have been brainwashed. Aren’t they the same? Didn’t the so-called binary opposition between Taiwan Province people and Chinese be created by some politicians and past history? The responsibility is not on him. I’d like to take this occasion to argue with him. Why don’t foreigners intercede with him? It’s too embarrassing for our country. )。 I didn’t delve into it any more. Some problems are too complicated, but as Chinese, it really hurts me to see the Taiwan Province issue so anxious. When the host saw it, he quickly changed the subject.

　　　　Near the end, a girl sitting next to me suddenly asked that she was from Chinese mainland. Only then did I find that my sight had ignored this lovely compatriot. I was not alone. Seeing this, I couldn’t wait to shake hands and greet: I finally met my comrade. She asked, "Will the United States feel any loss after the peaceful reunification of China?" (The level of the question is much more tactful than mine, and it is also clever. It directly kills the speaker, which means: You always use the banner of dealing with China force to contain China. If China is peacefully reunified, how can you play? The old man replied that they would be very happy because they didn’t have to increase military spending by hundreds of billions. I whispered in Chinese: American devils are hypocrites. Actually, it’s more refreshing to use national scolding. Allow me to scold you, American devil! )

　　　　Imagine, when did all the internal problems of the Chinese nation lack the intervention of the powers in the past century? Needless to say, the Taiwan Province issue is directly related to the American support for the continuation of the civil war. Now it is also used as a bridgehead to curb the rise of China. Some buddies are willing to act as pawns besides worrying about reunification. When the United States is their savior, they regard the mainland as their enemy. What has the mainland done to you? The mainland has said many times that we are targeting Taiwan independence, not the people of Taiwan Province.

　　　　However, we also need to respect the history and reality of Taiwan Province. Taiwan Province people’s consciousness and living space are caused by history, including the factors left over from the civil war, the factors manipulated by Taiwan independence forces, and the lack of strong internal forces to shape the people’s sense of unity. Afterwards, I told a relatively peaceful friend in Taiwan Province, "It hurts me to come here. Yesterday’s history created today’s reality, but today can also create tomorrow’s history."

　　　　I’m sorry, just before I left the room to greet two Japanese people, Kenny Golden came to send me my business card, asked me where I came from, and told me that he had been to China, great people,great country and so on. I said, I understand your job, military deduction is your job, but I hope you will be unemployed forever, because there will be no war there.

　　　　My feeling:

　　　　1. Chinese includes the respectable female compatriot I mentioned (sorry, it should be noted that Taiwan Province compatriots are not included for the time being). We should have a sense of "being present" in occasions involving China affairs. The era of the Paris Peace Conference will not happen again. We should make our own voices. To paraphrase this lovely female compatriot’s reply to my email afterwards, "As a mainlander, I want to thank you for standing up bravely when the discourse of the United States and Taiwan Province dominated.". In fact, there is no need to thank you. Everyone in China should stand up at this time. Only in this way will we not be lonely. I also thank this lovely female compatriot.

　　　　2. I think it is difficult to place hope on the people of Taiwan Province, because it is a trend that Taiwan Province’s subjective consciousness is getting stronger and stronger. I think we can only place hope on the people of Taiwan Province, hoping that they can maintain the status quo and strive for reunification, but we still have to rely on the mainland people.

　　　　I would like to be a member of the "people". My first task is to improve my English quickly. In public, on the one hand, I should respond artistically to some Taiwan independence-biased remarks; on the other hand, I should try to make it clear that the Taiwan Province issue is our own family affair, and we have the wisdom to handle it well. Don’t worry about hypocritical imperialism.

　　　　3. Friendship thanks A German female professor, I found her chatting with Taiwan independence-leaning Taiwan Province, and went over to them and told them: We do not want the war, we also want to address the problem in a peaceful way. She said yes, there should be no war. Look at East Germany and West Germany. When I was 8 years old, I watched the street war and could only lie behind the curtain in fear. The mainland is Taiwan Province’s big brother, thanks for her advice.

　　　　4, please eat flesh and blood, brothers infighting away. However, it is still an old saying, my friends in Taiwan Province, just keep and strive for your autonomy. It is estimated that it is naive to ask you to undertake the responsibility of safeguarding the unity of the Chinese family. This responsibility is for the mainland people to shoulder. I am a member of the people.

　　　　The last sentence: We are the product of history, but we are also making history.

(Editor: Li Zhiqiang)

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How much do you know about network integrity？

People can’t stand without faith

Business without faith is not prosperous.

Honesty is the cornerstone of social development

It is also the lifeline of the Internet.

Regarding network integrity,

How much do you know?

Follow China Net.

Let’s watch it together

What is network integrity?

Network integrity refers to the state that natural persons, legal persons and unincorporated organizations with full civil capacity respect morality, abide by laws, fulfill contracts and keep promises in cyberspace activities.

Network integrity construction-

Focus on trustworthiness and standardization.

Emphasize performance and law-abiding.

Including the restraint, supervision and punishment of dishonesty.

What are the basic characteristics of network integrity?

Network integrity is the extension of social order in cyberspace.

Cyberspace is not an "extra-legal place", but also needs freedom and order. Network integrity needs the participation and practice of the whole society. It is an important mission of China’s network integrity construction to unite the ideological consensus of online and offline, promote the coordinated development of online and offline, and draw a "concentric circle" of online and offline.

Network integrity is the embodiment of social integrity in cyberspace.

Social integrity is a social atmosphere of honesty and trustworthiness gradually formed in the whole social life. Network integrity not only has the social characteristics of integrity construction, but also has the network characteristics of more extensive integrity subjects and more complicated integrity construction.

The construction of network integrity is an important foundation for comprehensive network management and social credit system construction.

The Internet covers and permeates almost every field of social production and life, and the associated problem of dishonesty in the Internet field also appears constantly. Strengthening the construction of network integrity and cracking down on illegal acts of dishonesty are not only the inherent requirements of promoting comprehensive network management, but also the urgent need to promote the construction of social credit system.

The Development Course of China’s Network Integrity Construction

Preliminary exploration stage: 1994 -2011

Standardized development stage: 2012 -2016

Comprehensive management stage: 2017-present

What is the significance of promoting the construction of network integrity?

Cultivate and practice socialist core values and lead the construction of social moral culture in cyberspace.

Ensure the healthy development of Internet applications in China and promote the quality improvement and efficiency improvement of digital China.

Promote the comprehensive management of cyberspace and create an honest and trustworthy network environment.

What are the practical achievements of China’s network credit construction?

(A) laws and regulations continue to improve.

A series of laws and regulations, such as the Implementation Outline of Citizen’s Moral Construction in the New Era, the Planning Outline of Social Credit System Construction, the Civil Code, the Cyber Security Law and the E-commerce Law, have been formulated to clarify the principles of cyber honesty, standardize cyber honesty behavior, make strategic arrangements for China’s cyber honesty construction, and provide a strong legal guarantee for the healthy development of cyber honesty.

(2) The coordination mechanism has been continuously improved.

Establish an inter-ministerial joint meeting system for the construction of social credit system, an inter-ministerial joint meeting system for combating and managing new illegal crimes in telecommunications networks, and an inter-ministerial joint meeting system for network market supervision, sign a Memorandum of Cooperation on "Building Integrity, Punishing Dishonesty", carry out multi-departmental coordination and linkage, share credit information, implement joint incentives and punishments, etc., and form a strong synergy to promote the construction of network integrity.

(3) The supervision is constantly increasing.

We will carry out special actions such as "Clear", "Sword Net" and "Yun Jian", continue to promote special rectification such as media chaos, live short videos, commercial website platforms, and online class platforms for minors, crack down on online rumors, false information, telecom network fraud and other illegal and untrustworthy behaviors according to laws and regulations, and strive to create a clean and tidy network environment.

(4) Publicity and education have been deepened continuously.

Hold the Internet Integrity Publicity Day, organize the construction of a million miles of integrity, release the advanced deeds of "Integrity Star", implement the project of striving to be a good netizen in China, etc., spread positive energy and carry forward the main theme with colorful publicity and education activities, widely gather the consensus and strength of the whole society, and vigorously create a social atmosphere and network environment of honesty, self-discipline, trustworthiness and mutual trust.

(E) Corporate responsibility has been continuously compacted.

The majority of Internet companies attach importance to the construction of corporate integrity, establish and improve the endogenous mechanism of corporate integrity, strengthen platform management, crack down on speculation and dishonesty, standardize online transactions, cultivate corporate integrity culture, maintain credit order, purify the market environment, actively fulfill corporate main responsibility, and consciously be practitioners, advocates and promoters of integrity management, highlighting corporate social responsibility.

(VI) Continuous innovation in technology application.

Actively use new technologies such as big data, blockchain, artificial intelligence, etc., to create a credit information sharing platform, a joint rumor platform, and an information sharing platform in the field of platform economy, which not only drives the innovation and development of enterprises, but also promotes the quality and efficiency of credit construction of business activities, improves the efficiency of network content information governance, and creates a more fair and honest competitive environment for the healthy development of the digital economy.

(7) The supervision of news and public opinion has been continuously strengthened.

Mainstream media and commercial websites adhere to the correct public opinion orientation, focus on major themes, guide the hot topics in time, consciously devote themselves to content ecological governance, praise positive cases of dishonesty, actively undertake social responsibilities, and vigorously create a network integrity atmosphere, which has played an important role in public opinion supervision for building a network integrity environment.

(8) The role of social organizations has been continuously exerted.

Network social organizations give full play to the role of service support, bridge and lead the demonstration, actively promote industry self-discipline, widely unite social forces, help the construction of social credit system and comprehensive network management, guide and coordinate Internet enterprises to sign the letter of commitment on integrity, formulate the network self-discipline convention, hold the China Network Integrity Conference, release the top ten news of network integrity in China, take various measures to participate in promoting the construction of network integrity system, and draw concentric circles online and offline.

(9) The credit service capacity has been continuously improved.

Credit service institutions actively participate in the collection of credit information in key areas, explore the application of big data analysis in the field of network integrity, vigorously promote financial credit, personal credit and public credit services, promote joint construction, sharing and mutual benefit between the government and the market, and provide market-oriented and professional support for promoting the construction of credit system.

(10) netizens’ awareness of integrity has been continuously improved.

China’s netizens are the masters and main force of network integrity construction. With the continuous strengthening of integrity publicity and education, the deepening of spiritual civilization construction, and the continuous promotion of law-abiding and law-popularization work, netizens’ integrity awareness, integrity literacy, and willingness to defend their rights on the network are increasingly enhanced, which plays a positive role in standardizing network words and deeds and creating a civilized network environment, and injects internal motivation into cyberspace governance and integrity construction.

Network integrity is the cornerstone of Internet development.

Without network integrity, there will be no healthy development of economy and society.

There is no clear sky in cyberspace.

Network integrity construction

Let’s participate and practice together!

(Source: China Network Integrity Development Report)

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Henan No.1 and No.3 Hospital recruits 207 people! Including 95 nurses! Speed onlookers

recruit

According to the needs of hospital construction and development, Xuchang Central Hospital, with the consent of the municipal party committee and municipal government, openly recruits 207 staff for the society. The recruitment matters are hereby announced as follows:

01 recruitment principles

(a) adhere to the principle of having both ability and political integrity;

(two) adhere to the principle of "openness, equality, competition and merit".

02 recruitment target and scope

Recruit people who meet the requirements of job qualifications for the society.

03 recruitment plan

It is planned to recruit 207 personnel agents.

See the following figure for specific recruitment positions and qualifications:

59651688168814810

97581688168815127

79601688168815283

45591688168815414

27091688168815504

58641688168815607

04 recruitment conditions

(a) candidates must meet the following conditions:

1. Have People’s Republic of China (PRC) nationality, support the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), and abide by the Constitution and laws;

2. Have good conduct, love and dedication, and be willing to contribute;

3. Have the professional knowledge or skills required by the post, and at the same time have the qualifications and qualifications required by the post;

4. Physical conditions and other necessary conditions required for the post;

5. Being under the age of 28 refers to being born after January 1, 1995 (inclusive); Under the age of 30 refers to those born after January 1, 1993 (inclusive); Under the age of 35 refers to those born after January 1, 1988 (inclusive); Under 40 years of age means born after January 1, 1983 (inclusive); Under the age of 45 refers to those born after January 1, 1978 (inclusive).

(two) one of the following circumstances shall not apply:

1. Persons whose criminal punishment period has not expired or who are under investigation for suspected crimes;

2. Persons who have not been dismissed from Party discipline or political discipline or are undergoing disciplinary review;

3. Persons who have received criminal punishment for crimes, those who have been expelled from the Communist Party of China (CPC) Party membership, those who have been expelled from public office, and those who have been listed as joint disciplinary targets for dishonesty according to law have been found to have serious violations of recruitment and recruitment disciplines such as fraud in the recruitment of civil servants at all levels and the open recruitment examination of public institutions;

4. Personnel who have entered Xuchang municipal institutions through open recruitment since January 1, 2020;

5. Active servicemen, orientation students, commissioned students, and full-time students in ordinary colleges and universities who cannot obtain diplomas before July 31, 2023;

6. Other circumstances in which employment is prohibited by laws and regulations.

05 recruitment procedures

(1) Publish a recruitment announcement

On June 28, 2023, the recruitment information was publicly released to the public through the subscription numbers of official website and Xuchang Central Hospital.

(2) Online registration and on-site confirmation

This recruitment is conducted by combining online registration with on-site confirmation. Applicants need to register online first and print the registration form before on-site confirmation.

1. Online registration time: from 8: 00 on July 3rd to 24: 00 on July 12th, 2023.

2. Online registration method: Applicants must log in to the registration website during the specified registration period.

Sign up. Please fill in and submit relevant personal information truthfully, and upload my electronic photos as required (recent color white bareheaded front photos in jpg format, within 105 to 160 pixels in height, 75 to 120 pixels in width, and below 20KB in size, which must reflect my characteristics, otherwise it will not pass the review).

Step 3 Confirm on site

On-site confirmation time:

From July 10th to July 13th, 2023 (8: 00-12: 00 and 15: 00-18: 00 on weekdays).

Site Confirmation Location: Academic Lecture Hall (West Gate), 1st floor, Area C, Luming Lake Campus, Xuchang Central Hospital.

For online registration and on-site confirmation, the following original documents and photocopies are required:

(1) The Application Form (which can be queried and printed in the online registration system) needs my own autograph;

2 ID card;

(3) The graduation certificate and degree certificate required for registration, and the "Online Verification Report of the Student Status of the Ministry of Education" can be provided if the graduation certificate and degree certificate of the 2023 graduates are not issued (within the validity period, it will be considered unqualified if it expires);

(4) The Registration Form for Electronic Registration of Academic Certificates of the Ministry of Education, which requires all academic qualifications (within the validity period, it will be deemed unqualified if it expires);

(5) Professional and technical qualification certificate (2023 nursing graduates are required to provide qualified transcripts of practical nurse qualification examination);

⑥ Physician’s practice certificate, regulatory training certificate (or certificate of completing regulatory training);

7. Postgraduates are required to submit professional direction certificates (graduate employment recommendation form or certification materials issued by the graduate school);

(8) If there are relevant requirements such as work experience, papers and qualification certificates for the recruitment position, corresponding certificates or certification materials shall be provided;

Pet-name ruby on-the-job personnel need to provide proof that the company agrees to enter the exam (with the official seal of the company).

The above materials, such as the contents not required in the recruitment conditions, need not be submitted. Those that are not confirmed on site within the specified time are deemed to be automatically abandoned and may not enter the next recruitment link.

4. Precautions:

(1) If the application materials are incomplete, the electronic photos or the application positions do not meet the requirements, the applicant shall make timely amendments and supplements within the registration period, and submit them for review again as required. Once the qualification for the examination has passed, the position for the examination cannot be changed.

(2) After the registration information is submitted, a registration serial number will be fed back to the applicant. The registration number is an important basis for applicants to inquire about the results of qualification examination, download and print the admission ticket and query the results, and candidates must keep it properly.

(3) Applicants should apply for the exam accurately according to their majors and recruitment conditions, and each person is limited to one position. The ID card and related information used in the registration and the whole recruitment process must be consistent.

(3) Qualification examination

This registration qualification examination runs through the whole process of open recruitment. The information and relevant materials provided by the applicant at the time of registration must be true and valid. Once the applicant is found to have provided false materials, his qualification for examination and employment will be cancelled. If the applicant fails to pass the qualification examination due to the incomplete materials provided by the applicant, the consequences will be borne by the applicant himself.

(4) Examination

Candidates who pass the qualification examination enter the examination session. The post requires that those with graduate education or above, bachelor degree and associate senior professional title (i.e. postNo. 01-53) directly participate in the interview, while those with bachelor education or above (i.e. postNo. 54-69) need to participate in the written test and interview, and the examination questions are assigned to a third-party examination institution.

1. Print the admission ticket

Applicants who have passed the qualification examination can download and print the examination admission ticket (A4 paper) on the registration website. Please pay close attention to the notice issued by the subscription numbers of Xuchang Central Hospital official website and Xuchang Central Hospital. Photos (automatically generated by the registration system) must be printed on the admission ticket, and the self-posted photos are invalid. Those who fail to print within the time limit shall be deemed to have given up automatically. Candidates take the exam at the time and place specified in the admission ticket. You must bring your valid ID card and admission ticket in the written test, both of which are indispensable.

2. written test

The written test subject of medical technology post (post code 54-62) is "Basic Medical Knowledge"; The written examination subject of nursing post (post code 63-65) is "Basic Nursing Knowledge"; The written test subject of sterilizer and administrator (post code 66-69) is "Public Basic Knowledge".

The full mark of the written test score is 100, and the written test score is reserved to two decimal places. Those who are absent from the written test or violate the discipline are not allowed to enter the interview.

Step 3 interview

(1) The interview is conducted in a structured way, and the examiners give quantitative scores to the interviewees on the spot, and calculate the interview scores with an average score of candidates, and the interview scores are kept to two decimal places. Those with an interview score below 60 points are not allowed to enter the next link.

(2) interview weighting. If there are two or more interview examination rooms for the same professional position, the final interview score of candidates should be weighted average.

Brief introduction of Xuchang central hospital

Xuchang Central Hospital is the only public third-class first-class general hospital in Xuchang that integrates medical treatment, teaching, scientific research, first aid, preventive health care and rehabilitation. The hospital was founded in 1912. Its predecessor was Evangelical Church Hospital founded by the Chinese Christian Lutheran General Association in Henan Province. It passed through Xuchang Lutheran Hospital, Xuchang District People’s Hospital and Xuchang District People’s Hospital, and was renamed Xuchang Central Hospital in 1986.

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Hospitals implement collectivization development. At present, there are four campuses, namely Luming Lake Campus, Huatuo Road Campus, Qiyi Road Rehabilitation Hospital and Public Health Medical Center, with a total of more than 3,000 beds, radiating more than 5 million people in Xuchang and surrounding areas. The hospital has a complete range of disciplines, including 75 clinical departments, 18 medical departments and intensive care units such as ICU, CCU, NICU, EICU, PICU, RICU and stroke unit.

The hospital has a strong talent force. There are 3070 employees, including 474 senior titles, 975 intermediate titles, 5 doctors, 506 masters, 1 expert enjoying the special allowance of the State Council, 7 experts enjoying the special allowance of Xuchang Municipal Government, 4 provincial outstanding academic and technical leaders, 1 provincial innovative young and middle-aged scientific and technological talent, 20 first outstanding experts in Xuchang, 28 municipal outstanding academic and technical leaders, 25 top-notch professionals in Xuchang and Henan University of Science and Technology. Experts from related disciplines are the chairmen of 45 professional committees of Xuchang Medical Association.

The hospital has advanced medical equipment. It has more than 3,000 pieces of advanced medical equipment, modern operating room purification system, central oxygen and oxygen supply system, intelligent pharmacy system and vein configuration center, high-tech domestic tumor radiotherapy equipment such as linear accelerator and SPET-CT, 11 large-scale CT equipment such as Extreme CT and 6 magnetic resonance equipment such as 3.0T nuclear magnetic resonance, which can successfully complete various complex scans and organ imaging, and has advanced DSA, extracorporeal lithotriptor, DR and molybdenum target.

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Guangdong investigated 100 catering enterprises in Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Dongguan, and nearly half of them were suspected of illegally setting minimum consumption.

Guangdong investigated 100 catering enterprises in Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Dongguan, and found that some restaurants set "per capita consumption standards" in disguise to increase the price of vegetables.

Reporter Tang Heng Intern Lin Ye Correspondent Guangdong Consumer Council

Problems such as setting minimum consumption in catering industry (hereinafter referred to as "low consumption") have long troubled consumers and caused many social disputes and consumption disputes. On October 8, the Consumer Council of Guangdong Province announced the recent unannounced visits to 100 restaurants in the province. The results show that nearly half of the restaurants still set a low consumption threshold, and some restaurants have cancelled the low consumption, but increased the cost of private rooms.

In the next step, the Provincial Consumer Council will interview relevant enterprises to promote the rectification of arbitrary charges in the catering industry.

A problem

There is a restaurant with a minimum consumption of 5000 yuan.

As early as 2014, the Ministry of Commerce and the National Development and Reform Commission jointly promulgated the "Measures for the Management of Catering Industry (Trial)", which clearly stipulated that "catering operators are prohibited from setting minimum consumption", which means that the problem of low consumption has a clear qualitative and institutional constraint.

Since the promulgation of the "Measures" for more than three years, as a major province of catering consumption in China, what is the implementation of the Guangdong market and what is the effect?

From August to September this year, the Consumer Council of Guangdong Province launched the "Investigation on Minimum Consumption in Catering Places and Related Issues" around the issue of catering charges that consumers are most concerned about, such as minimum consumption. The survey selected 100 well-known and popular catering enterprises from 10 representative cities in Guangdong. By means of telephone unannounced visits and questionnaires, we got an in-depth understanding of the implementation of the Measures in the catering industry and grasped the current situation of low consumption of catering and related issues in Guangdong.

The survey results show that among the 100 restaurants in this sample survey, 47 have set up low consumption, accounting for nearly 50%, and the low consumption charge for private rooms ranges from more than 100 yuan to several thousand yuan, with a maximum of 5,000 yuan. There are also various forms of low-consumption settings. For example, some restaurants set low-consumption standards according to the size of private rooms and landscape (river view, garden). Low-cost charges are not limited to high-end Chinese restaurants, but also involve Chinese food, western food, cuisine, buffet, hot pot restaurant, Cantonese restaurant, Hunan restaurant, Sichuan restaurant, Jiangsu and Zhejiang restaurant, Japanese restaurant and Thai restaurant.

A restaurant is suspected of double charging.

The survey also found that although many restaurants have cancelled the low consumption, they have charged various fees instead. There are 57 such restaurants (including some that have set minimum consumption), which is close to 60% of the survey sample. The charging forms mainly include: charging private room fees, designating high-priced dishes, charging high tea fees, limiting the consumption of special dishes, and raising the price of dishes.

Some restaurants repeatedly use two or more charging methods, such as Guangzhou Huangpu Huayuan (Huangpu East Road Store), Haibin Fisherman (Jinsui Road Store in Zhujiang New Town), Shenzhen Victory (Bagua No.1 Store) and Jinhang Chinese Restaurant (Jixiang Middle Road Store), which not only set the minimum consumption of private rooms, but also charge high-priced tea fees, and increase the price of vegetables. In addition, 32 restaurants charge a service fee, which is generally 10% of the total consumption. Among them, 14 restaurants not only set minimum consumption, but also added service fees, which were suspected of repeated charges.

B survey

Some merchants say that low consumption can guarantee dishes.

On the 8 th, after investigating several restaurants, the reporter found that some restaurants set low consumption in disguise by means of "room consumption standard" and "service fee". For example, Guangzhou Hangkong No.1 (Xinhe Building Store) said that the consumption standard for private rooms for five people is 1,500 yuan, and the room standards for different rooms are different. When asked if the standard of private room consumption is equal to the minimum consumption, the merchants denied the statement of minimum consumption, claiming that there is no such thing as "minimum consumption", but only set the standard of room consumption; Guangzhou overseas Chinese gourmets said that there is no minimum consumption in the private rooms of the store, but a 5% service charge should be added on the basis of the total price; Guangzhou Huangpu Huayuan Restaurant (Huangpu Store) said that although the minimum consumption of private rooms for five people is 400 yuan, five people can generally reach the consumption of 400 yuan.

Shenzhen Tongxianghui (Century City Store) said that the minimum consumption of private rooms is based on the number of people. Take a small private room as an example. If there are six people, there is no minimum consumption limit. If there are less than six people, the minimum consumption per person is 80 yuan. When the reporter mentioned that the country prohibited setting minimum consumption, the merchant denied that he was charging "minimum consumption", claiming that they only had the so-called lower limit of per capita consumption; Chaozhou Zhengchu Private Cuisine (Paifang Street Store) has also set a minimum consumption limit of 100 yuan per capita. Merchants said that setting a minimum consumption is conducive to ensuring the quality of dishes, and dishes without minimum consumption are not good. Setting a minimum consumption is the tradition of this store.

In addition, among the eight restaurants in the province surveyed by the reporter, only one of the restaurants that charge low consumption in private rooms actively informed the low consumption regulations, and the others were informed when the reporter asked.

According to the Provincial Consumer Council, although there is no prohibition by law, other fees such as private room fees, high-priced tea places and package fees must be set at a fair and reasonable price, and the obligation of active, comprehensive and accurate notification should be fulfilled, and consumers’ right to choose should be fully respected, so as to ensure that consumers can clearly understand their consumption. Otherwise, consumers’ rights and interests such as the right to know and the right to choose may be violated.

C rectification

Provincial Consumers Association will talk about related enterprises.

In order to promote the catering industry to completely rectify the phenomenon of unreasonable charges such as minimum consumption, the Consumer Council of Guangdong Province will submit the survey results to the relevant departments, and suggest that the relevant departments actively show their swords, constantly strengthen supervision and law enforcement, organize regular law enforcement inspections, punish illegal acts in time, increase the illegal costs of merchants, form an illegal warning effect, completely eradicate the chronic disease of minimum consumption, and constantly standardize and upgrade the catering industry market.

In the next step, the Consumer Council of Guangdong Province will sort out and summarize the opinions of all parties, reflect them to the government and relevant departments in a timely manner, and promote Guangdong to strengthen food and beverage law enforcement supervision and build a comfortable and comfortable food and beverage consumption environment. At the same time, relevant enterprises will be interviewed to promote the catering industry to effectively rectify the unreasonable charges such as minimum consumption.

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These restaurants have been named by Guangdong Consumers Association for setting up low-cost restaurants.

Among them, there are 12 in Guangzhou, 10 in Shenzhen and 5 in Chaozhou.

The reporter found that among the enterprises that set minimum consumption, there are 12 in Guangzhou, 10 in Shenzhen, 4 in Zhuhai, 2 in Foshan, 3 in Jiangmen, 2 in Dongguan, 1 in Shantou, 5 in Chaozhou, 6 in Maoming and 2 in Qingyuan, and the Pearl River Delta region has become the hardest hit area for low consumption.

There are many well-known restaurants that charge the lowest consumption, such as Guangzhou’s Sky No.1, Songyue Self-Slow Cuisine, Banquet Jiangnan, Furong Building, Dongting Lao Sparrow, Xiangnan Impression, Huangpu Huayuan Restaurant, Yichu, Haixinsha No.2, overseas Chinese gourmet, seaside fisherman, Xiaolongkan, Shenzhen’s Siye Sushi, Libaoge, Victory, Tanguixuan, Chaoxiang Sihai, Miguo. Zhuhai’s Haiwan Yipin, Jinyuexuan Seafood Restaurant, Mayflower Seafood Restaurant, Yuejixuan, Foshan’s Dan Wong and Pork Woman’s Private Cuisine, Jiangmen’s State Banquet Cuisine, Shenggao Dining Bar and Daoxiang in Dongguan, Shantou’s Chaoren Peninsula Teahouse, Chaozhou’s Zhengchu Private Cuisine, Old Town Chaozhou Restaurant, Hanshou Restaurant, Xiguan Chef, Shengshi Mingdian, Maoming’s Impression of Nanyang Thai Restaurant, etc.

(Tang Heng, Lin Ye, Guangdong Consumer Council)

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GDI University First-class Discipline Ranking (2022) released

　　On June 15th,"GDI University First-class Discipline Ranking (2022)"Officially released, the list scientifically evaluates 92 disciplines, involving a total of 523 institutions.

　　"The Ranking of First-class Disciplines of GDI University (2022)" was developed and published by the Institute of Data and Digitalization of Guangzhou Daily (GDI think tank), focusing on cultivating people by virtue, carrying out classified evaluation, highlighting the orientation of personnel training and serving the national strategic needs, highlighting contribution, innovation, quality and effectiveness, building an evaluation system of universities with China characteristics, and helping to establish the right to speak and standard of higher education in China.

　　Add special medicine and cyberspace security.

　　Discipline is the cell of a university, and building a "world-class discipline" is the basis of building a "world-class university". The level of discipline development determines the academic reputation and comprehensive strength of a university to a certain extent.

　　"GDI University Top Discipline Ranking (2022)" scientifically evaluates 92 disciplines.(including two new disciplines of special medicine and cyberspace security),Among them, there are 20 humanities and social sciences, 34 natural sciences and 38 engineering disciplines.The evaluation object is the national universities with master’s degree programs in the above disciplines (excluding universities in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Province, and not involving military universities).

Quickly query the channel → reply to the subject name in the background to view the corresponding list.

　　Outstanding contribution, innovation, quality and effectiveness

　　Evaluation System of "GDI University Top-ranking Disciplines (2022)"Put talent training in the first place.Pay attention to multiple evaluation, highlight contribution, innovation, quality and effectiveness, and build a four-dimensional evaluation system of talent training, scientific research, discipline reputation and secondary evaluation.

　

　

　　Focus on Lide Shuren

　　Highlight the cultivation of talents

　　"GDI University Top-class Discipline Ranking (2022)" pays more attention to the collaborative education system based on Lide Shuren, pays attention to the training results while giving consideration to the training conditions and results, and focuses on evaluating the talent training structure, training foundation and training process.

　　Teachers are the foundation of talent training. The list focuses on the evaluation of the structure of subject teachers, outstanding talents, innovative teams and advanced models of teaching and educating people, with high-quality specialization as the main evaluation criteria.

　

　　Qualitative and quantitative combination

　　"GDI University First-class Discipline Ranking (2022)" implements classified evaluation and peer review, focusing on the development of characteristics and connotation. Different evaluation criteria are formulated for humanities and social sciences, natural sciences and engineering disciplines, and accurate classification evaluation is carried out.

　　At the same time, the evaluation adheres to the combination of quantitative analysis and qualitative evaluation, and the peer evaluation index is obtained by sending questionnaires to well-known domestic scholars in various disciplines. Through the means of big data, innovative research and development of university discipline mutual evaluation system, to obtain the reputation of relevant institutions.

　

　　Serve the strategic needs of the country

　　Resolutely get rid of the "five virtues" (only papers, hats, professional titles, academic qualifications and awards)Starting from reality, it highlights the actual contribution of universities in personnel training and scientific research.

　　"GDI University’s Top-ranking Discipline (2022)" resolutely breaks the "five talents", scientifically uses scientific research data from well-known institutions such as Kerui Weian, pays attention to quality, service and contribution, and pays attention to the quality of representative works, and high-level talents undertake major national projects and outstanding achievements. Highlight the strategic demand orientation of disciplines serving the country and emphasize the contribution ability of social services.

　

　　List analysis

　　In recent years, China’s higher education has developed rapidly, and the overall level of running colleges and universities is considered to be among the top in the world. The development team of "GDI University Top Discipline Ranking" believes that,In the same discipline, universities rank among the top 5 in China, which indicates that the construction level of this discipline of the university has entered the ranks of world-class disciplines or is close to the level of world-class disciplines; Entering the top 25 in China is generally considered to be the first-class discipline in China, and entering the top 50 is generally considered to be a high-level discipline in China.

　　According to this statistics,Peking UniversityThere are 41 world-class disciplines, ranking first;Tsinghua University37 subjects ranked second,Zhejiang University20 disciplines ranked third. The institutions ranked 4th to 10th are Fudan University (19), Shanghai Jiaotong University (15), China Renmin University (14), Harbin Institute of Technology (11), Wuhan University (10), China Agricultural University (10), Nanjing University (9) and Beijing Normal University (9).

　　Among the disciplines ranked first in the countryTsinghua UniversityThere are 15,Peking University12,Renmin University of ChinaNine. The universities with more than three disciplines ranked first are: China Agricultural University (5), Wuhan University (3) and Huazhong University of Science and Technology (3). There are two universities ranked first in disciplines: Tongji University, China University of Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China Geo University (Wuhan), China Ocean University, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics and Nanjing Agricultural University.

　　From the perspective of regional distribution,There are 25 universities in Beijing with the largest number of world-class disciplines. The other top provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) are: 18 in Jiangsu, 11 in Shanghai, 8 in Sichuan, 8 in Guangdong, 7 in Shaanxi and 7 in Hubei.

　

　　World-class discipline

　　40 of the 523 colleges and universities have all entered the "world-class discipline". The top three disciplines are Peking University (15), China Renmin University (13) and Fudan University (9).

　　First-class disciplines in China

　　138 of the 523 colleges and universities have entered the "first-class disciplines in China". Among them, Peking University ranks first, with 18 disciplines; Zhejiang University, China Renmin University, Beijing Normal University and Sun Yat-sen University tied for second place, with 17; Tsinghua University, Nanjing University, Xiamen University and Shandong University tied for third place, with 16.

　　Domestic high-level disciplines

　　Of the 523 colleges and universities, 223 have all entered the "domestic high-level disciplines", including 18 in Peking University, China Renmin University and Jilin University, 17 in Nanjing University, Zhejiang University, Sun Yat-sen University, Sichuan University, Shandong University, Xiamen University and Beijing Normal University, and 16 in Tsinghua University, Fudan University, Wuhan University and Nankai University.

　　Among the 20 first-level disciplines of humanities and social sciences, China Renmin University ranks first with nine disciplines, namely: philosophy, theoretical economics, applied economics, political science, sociology, journalism and communication, business administration, agricultural and forestry economic management and public management.

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　　Subject analysis of natural science

　　World-class discipline

　　Of the 523 colleges and universities, 67 natural science disciplines have entered the "world-class disciplines", and the top three disciplines are Peking University (19), Fudan University (10) and Shanghai Jiaotong University (9).

　　First-class disciplines in China

　　Of the 523 colleges and universities, 201 have entered the "domestic first-class disciplines", and the top three are Sun Yat-sen University (22), Peking University University (20) and Zhejiang University (19).

　　Domestic high-level disciplines

　　Of the 523 colleges and universities, 279 natural science disciplines have entered the "domestic high-level disciplines", and the top three are: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (23), Sun Yat-sen University (22) and Peking University (20).

　　Among 34 natural science disciplines, Peking University ranks first with 10 disciplines, namely, mathematics, physics, geography, biology, ecology, statistics, basic medicine, clinical medicine, pharmacy and nursing.

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　　Engineering discipline analysis

　　World-class discipline

　　69 engineering disciplines in 523 colleges and universities have entered the "world-class disciplines", and the top three are Tsinghua University (24), Zhejiang University (12) and Harbin Institute of Technology (11).

　　First-class disciplines in China

　　Of the 523 colleges and universities, 186 all engineering disciplines have entered the "domestic first-class disciplines", and the top three are Tsinghua University (27), Harbin Institute of Technology (24) and Shanghai Jiaotong University (23).

　　Domestic high-level disciplines

　　Of the 523 colleges and universities, 262 all engineering disciplines have entered the "domestic high-level disciplines", and the top three are Tsinghua University (27), Harbin Institute of Technology (25) and Dalian University of Technology (24).

　　Among the 38 engineering disciplines, Tsinghua University ranks first with 14 disciplines, namely: management science and engineering, mechanics, materials science and engineering, electrical engineering, electronic science and technology, control science and engineering, computer science and technology, architecture, hydraulic engineering, chemical engineering and technology, nuclear science and technology, environmental science and engineering, biomedical engineering and software engineering.

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

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Focusing on Drug Targets： ＂Fighting poison with poison＂ —— The latest research progress of oncolytic virus

Since the 19th century, virus therapy for cancer has been studied. However, due to technical barriers and safety problems in genetic engineering, great progress has not been made until the last 20 years. At present, viralvectors for gene therapy and oncolytic viruses (OVs) are the main methods used by viruses as tumor therapy. The main difference between gene therapy virus vector and OVs is that the virus used in gene therapy virus vector is a non-replicating virus, while the vector used in OVs is a virus with replication ability.

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OVs refers to a kind of viruses that can selectively infect and kill tumor cells without damaging normal cells, and they often have good tumor lysis and targeting. OVs can replicate in the host cell after infecting tumor cells, and the released progeny viruses can continue to infect surrounding tumor cells, at the same time activate local or systemic anti-tumor immune effects, change tumor microenvironment and further improve anti-tumor effects. Natural oncolytic virus has some limitations, such as inconsistent safety or weak ability to stimulate the body to produce tumor immunity. In order to overcome the above shortcomings, oncolytic virus vector came into being: it not only retains the ability of oncolytic virus to kill tumor cells, but also enhances its efficacy of activating immune response after genetic modification.

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From non-gene editing type to gene editing type, OVs contains many kinds and characteristics. According to the different nucleotide types of virus genome, OVs vectors can be divided into DNA virus vectors and RNA virus vectors. Among them, the main DNA viruses are herpes simplex virus (HSV), adenovirus (AdV), vaccinia virus (VV) and H1(parvovirus H1. RNA viruses are mainly reovirus (RV), coxsackie virus (CV), poliovirus (PV), measles virus (MV), NDV and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV).

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The latest research progress

1. At present, five products have been approved for listing in the world, and it is predicted that they will reach the market of over 10 billion dollars in the future.

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2. According to the data of Toubao Research Institute, the market size of oncolytic drugs in China will continue to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 16.2%, and it is expected to rise to 1.43 billion yuan by 2024.

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3. According to the number of research targets, they are IL-12, GM-CSF, PD1, IL-15, PDL1, CD, CD19, CTLA4, NIS, etc.

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4. In the research enterprises, among them, there are many researches and developments on oncolytic viruses, such as Icell Kealex Therapeutics(10), Cell Genesys(7), Virogen Biotechnology (6), PsiOxusTherapeutics(5), Transgene(5) and Jennerex(4). In addition, domestic enterprises such as Innomicro, Synbiotics, Shanghai Medicine, Ruotai Medicine, Kangwanda Medicine, Saibainuo, Lepu Bio, Tasly, and Funuojian are also deployed in this field.

5. Statistics of drugs currently in clinical research stage are as follows:

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two

Introduction of key drugs

Among the five oncolytic viruses approved worldwide, including picornavirus Rigvir, which is approved for the treatment of melanoma in Latvia; Secondly, today’s reborn (recombinant human P53 adenovirus injection) and recombinant human adenovirus type 5, which were approved in 2004 and 2005 respectively, were approved for the treatment of solid tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and pancreatic cancer. In 2015, the United States and Europe approved the engineered herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) of talimogene laherparepvec(T-VEC) for the treatment of unresectable metastatic melanoma. Finally, in 2021, Japan approved the improved herpes simplex virus teserpaturev for the treatment of brain cancers such as glioblastoma. The statistic of some drugs in that lead stage of clinical development are as follows:

1、CG0070

CG0070 is a genetically modified adenovirus type 5 (Ad5), which contains cancer selective promoter E2F-1 and immune cell stimulating factor GM-CSF gene, and selectively replicates and lyses tumor cells in Rb-deficient tumor cells. The rupture of cancer cells will release tumor-derived antigen and GM-CSF expressed with the virus, thus stimulating systemic anti-tumor immune response. CG0070 was introduced by Lepu Bio from CG Oncology in the United States, and obtained its product development rights and global supply rights in China; Except China, the rights and interests in Japan, South Korea, China, Taiwan Province and other Asian countries were acquired by Kissei Pharmaceutical.

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2、Pelareorep

Pelareorep(AN1004) is a non-pathogenic reovirus introduced by Oncologics Biotechnology by Arnold Pharmaceuticals. It can overcome the neutralizing antibody, selectively infect and destroy tumor cells by activating the body’s own immune system, and is used to treat various solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Pelareorep is a rapidly developed oncolytic virus product that can be administered by intravenous injection in the world. The second phase clinical trial of Pelareorep in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer found that the overall survival rate of patients with ER+PR+/HER2- breast cancer was doubled (21.8 months vs. 10.8 months). In its global phase II clinical trial (BERIL-1) for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), the median survival time of patients was as high as 10.4 months. In March, 2022, Oncologics Biotechnology announced that it had completed the safety assessment of three patients in the metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) cohort of the oncolytic virus Pelareorep phase 1/2 GOBLET study.

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3、pexastimogene devacirepvec

Pexastimogen devacirepvec (JX-594) is a genetically engineered vaccinia virus introduced from abroad by Lee’s Pharmaceutical Factory. Its TK gene is mutated, and human GM-CSF gene is inserted to enhance the anti-tumor immune response. The advantages of using vaccinia virus include the stability of intravenous infusion, strong cytotoxicity and the safety of classical live vaccine. Previously, the drug had poor clinical performance in phase III of hepatocellular carcinoma, and the efficacy of the drug in combination with cemiplimab in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma is currently being evaluated.

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4. Naomi Loki

Loki (GL-ONC1, Olvi-Vec) was developed by Genelux Company, and Hengyi Bio owns its development rights in Chinese mainland. It is an oncolytic vaccinia virus. Three expression cassettes encoding β-galactosidase, β-glucuronidase and renin luciferase/green fluorescence (RLuc-GFP) fusion proteins are used to replace virus TK, hemagglutinin and F145L genes respectively. A phase I clinical trial of GL-ONC1 in patients with head and neck cancer showed that intravenous injection of GL-ONC1 combined with standard chemotherapy could improve the overall survival rate. This study also proved the safety of the virus.

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5、OH2

OH2(BS001) is the first candidate drug for oncolytic virus in the world, which is independently developed by Binhui Ib/II-tech, and has chosen HSV2-2 as the carrier and entered clinical trials. Clinical data show that the objective remission rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and one-year survival rate (OS) of BS001 are 30%, 50% and 50%, respectively. In addition, the latest clinical data in the treatment of colorectal cancer show that the objective remission rate of BS001 injection in the treatment of colorectal cancer patients has exceeded 10%. The objective remission rate of BS001 injection combined with PD-1 monoclonal antibody was 18.2%.

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prospect

In recent years, with the development of genetic engineering technology, people have a deeper understanding of the function and structure of virus genes. Optimizing the design and operation of virus genome to produce non-pathogenic viruses has become the research direction of oncolytic viruses, which has greatly promoted the progress of oncolytic virus therapy. Combined treatment of oncolytic virus with chemotherapy or immunotherapy drugs, or even combined application of multiple oncolytic virus drugs, may control tumor progression or cure tumor more effectively, and provide potential clinical treatment options for tumor patients. We believe that with the deepening of oncolytic virus research, oncolytic virus therapy will play a wider and deeper role in treating human diseases.

references

Yang Hao, Zhang Shaogeng, Yang Penghui. Immunological mechanism and clinical research progress of oncolytic virus [J/OL]. Progress in biochemistry and biophysics: 1-16.

[2] Liu P, Wang Y, Wang Y, et al. Effects of oncolytic viruses andviral vectors on immunity in glioblastoma[J]. Gene therapy, 2020: 1-12.

[3] Kaufman H L, Kohlhapp F J, Zloza A. Oncolytic viruses: a newclass of immunotherapy drugs[J]. Nature reviews Drug discovery, 2015, 14(9):642-662.

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