"Please do a good job in influenza prevention for the next period of time, especially for the elderly and students with low immunity." Last night, Fuzhou CDC issued a reminder, and the monitoring data showed that the peak period of influenza virus epidemic in our city is generally from December to February of the following year. Recently, the influenza activity in our city has been on the rise, and it has entered the high influenza epidemic season. According to the monitoring data of influenza-like cases in sentinel hospitals in our city, the positive detection rate of subtype A H3N2 is relatively high at present. This shows that the prevalent influenza strains are mainly subtype A H3N2, which is consistent with the national influenza epidemic situation.
The chief culprit of influenza is influenza virus, which belongs to orthomyxoviridae and is divided into four types: A, B, C and D (or A, B, C and D). At present, the viruses that cause seasonal influenza epidemic are H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes of influenza A virus and Victoria and Yamagata strains of influenza B virus. Among them, influenza A virus antigen is frequently mutated and highly contagious, which is the main culprit causing influenza epidemic.
Typical symptoms after infection can be as follows: fever, headache, myalgia and general malaise, and the body temperature can reach above 39℃. May be accompanied by chills, chills, cough, sore throat, stuffy nose, runny nose, discomfort behind the sternum, facial flushing, conjunctival congestion and other symptoms.
Children usually have higher fever than adults. When children suffer from influenza B, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms are more common than adults. Newborns may only show drowsiness, milk refusal, apnea and so on.
The condition of mild or asymptomatic infected people is self-limited, and the fever gradually subsides after 3 to 5 days of onset, and the systemic symptoms improve.
A very small number of children infected with influenza will progress to severe influenza, causing laryngitis, pneumonia, encephalopathy, myocarditis and so on.
People are generally susceptible to influenza virus. Most people infected with influenza are self-limited, but some people are at higher risk of serious complications after infection, including the elderly over 60 years old, children under 5 years old, pregnant women and patients with basic diseases.
How to scientifically prevent influenza? Fuzhou disease control experts reminded that influenza vaccination is the most economical and effective measure to prevent influenza. It is recommended that all people who are over 6 months old and have no contraindications should be vaccinated with influenza vaccine. Priority is given to the elderly aged 60 and above, children aged 6 months to 5 years, pregnant women, family members and caregivers of children under 6 months, patients with chronic diseases, medical staff, and people in key places (including vulnerable people and employees in crowded places such as kindergartens, primary and secondary schools, old-age care institutions, long-term care institutions, welfare homes, etc.).
Because influenza virus is easy to mutate, the epidemic strains may be different every year, and the protective antibody produced after vaccination will weaken with time, so it is necessary to vaccinate influenza vaccine every year to obtain lasting immunity.
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