标签归档 上海后花园1314

　　If you open the column,

　　The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward that China’s economy has changed from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage, and it is in the key period of changing the development mode, optimizing the economic structure and transforming the growth momentum. Building a modern economic system is an urgent requirement for crossing the barrier and a strategic goal for China’s development.

　　In order to better understand and implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress, this edition will launch a series of reports on "Focusing on the 19th National Congress Report and Turning to the Stage of High-quality Development", and invite experts to discuss relevant issues, so please pay attention.

　　The just-concluded 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made a historic conclusion that "China’s economy has shifted from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage".

　　Why did China’s economy turn to a high-quality development stage? Compared with the high-speed growth stage, what new changes and trends will be presented in the new stage? In the process of turning to the stage of high-quality development, how can we seize the opportunity, tackle key problems, win the victory and build a well-off society in an all-round way, and advance towards the goal of "two hundred years"?

　　How to understand "turning to high-quality development"

　　Emphasize quality rather than speed, and development rather than growth.

　　From the high-speed growth stage to the high-quality development stage, China’s economy has once again made a clear path choice.

　　— — Change the development mode, realize intensive economic growth and improve total factor productivity.

　　“‘ Turn to high-quality development ’ The essential meaning of this assertion is that China’s economy has changed from extensive high-speed growth mainly relying on increasing the consumption of material resources to intensive growth mainly relying on technological progress, improving management and improving the quality of workers. " According to Zheng Xinli, executive vice president of China International Economic Exchange Center, it is an epoch-making change for the economy to shift from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage.

　　"China’s economic development is no longer entangled in whether the economic growth rate is faster or slower. Instead, it is to improve the total factor productivity and promote the quality change, efficiency change and power change of economic development." Zheng Xinli stressed.

　　In 2016, China’s "Top 100 Counties" created more than 11% of the country’s GDP； with 2% of the country’s land area and 6% of the population; The per capita disposable income of urban residents is 39,165 yuan, which is 16.5% higher than the national average. The per capita total retail sales of social consumer goods is 31,000 yuan, which is 29% higher than the national average. Throughout the development of "Top 100 Counties", all of them have changed from the extensive development mode driven by original resources and investment to the intensive development mode driven by innovation, which ushered in a brand-new development opportunity.

　　“‘ High-quality development stage ’ In terms of industrial structure, it has changed from resource-intensive and labor-intensive industries to technology-intensive and knowledge-intensive industries. In terms of product structure, from low-tech products with low added value to high-tech products with high added value; In terms of economic benefits, it has changed from high cost and low benefit to low cost and high benefit; In the ecological environment, it has changed from high emission and pollution to circular economy and environment-friendly economy. In the end, it will be reflected in the continuous strengthening of the country’s economic strength and the rapid increase of residents’ income. " Zheng Xinli said.

　　— — Enrich the connotation of development, aim at fuller and more balanced development, and enhance people’s sense of gain.

　　From the result-oriented perspective, the "high-quality development stage" highlights the people’s sense of gain. Gao Peiyong, director of the Economic Research Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences, pointed out that "high speed" refers to quantity or scale, which is often the goal of the primary stage of economic development, and is used to mark "fast and unhappy"; "High quality" is the goal that will only be achieved after the economic development reaches a certain level. Emphasizing quality and efficiency is the answer to "good".

　　"Growth only refers to the expansion of the economic aggregate; The connotation of development is richer, in order to meet the people’s growing needs for a better life. " Gao Peiyong said that China has solved the problem of food and clothing for more than one billion people, achieved a well-off society on the whole, and will soon build a well-off society in an all-round way. The people have not only put forward higher requirements for material and cultural life, but also increasingly demanded democracy, the rule of law, fairness, justice, security and the environment. Therefore, economic development should change from simply pursuing total expansion to meeting people’s higher standards and more diversified needs.

　　Why do you propose "turning to high-quality development" now?

　　Facing the contradictions in the new era and breaking through the bottleneck of development

　　Historically, economic development is repeating "prosperity — Recession — Recovery — At the same time, we should take the progress of science and technology, human resources and other factors as new kinetic energy, solve the deep-seated contradictions that restrict economic development, and realize the overall upward trend. "From the high-speed growth stage to the high-quality development stage" is a necessary choice and urgent task for us to face the main contradiction in the new era and adapt to the new economic normal.

　　— — The main contradiction at this stage requires us to give up speed preference and attach importance to development quality.

　　Gao Peiyong believes that the important conclusion of "changing from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage" is consistent with the fact that the main contradiction in our society has changed into the contradiction between the people’s growing need for a better life and the unbalanced development.

　　At present, the total consumption of energy and raw materials in China is too large, and the energy consumption per unit GDP is too high. "The growth of extensive economic has put increasing pressure on resources and the environment, and such a growth model is difficult to sustain." Zheng Xinli pointed out.

　　In recent years, large areas of haze weather have appeared in North China and East China, and the incidence of some diseases related to environmental pollution has increased. "If development needs to pay the price of people’s health, it goes against the original intention of development. The 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to turn to a high-quality development stage, which is to respond to the concerns of the people and face the deep-seated contradictions of economic development. " Zheng Xinli said.

　　"China’s economy has maintained high growth for decades, creating a lot of social wealth, and Chinese has gained great benefits from the reform and opening up. However, due to the imperfect market economic system and the imperfect distribution system, some social and economic problems worthy of attention have emerged, such as the urban-rural gap, the regional gap, and the industry gap. The people’s demands for coordinated development and balanced development have been continuously improved. " Wang Yukai, a member of the National Informatization Expert Advisory Committee, believes that we must pay attention to the transformation of major social contradictions, change the mode of production, adjust the pattern of interests, increase the cohesion and centripetal force of the nation, and stimulate the creativity and development vitality of the whole society, so as to achieve higher quality, more efficient, fairer and more sustainable development.

　　— — Shifting from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage is also a realistic choice to actively adapt to the new economic normal and break through the bottleneck of development.

　　"We must adapt to the new normal of economic growth and shift gears and maintain a strategically normal mentality. We must downplay the speed ‘ Obsession ’ Strengthen quality awareness, optimize factor input, and promote coordination in all aspects of modernization. " Bai Jingming, vice president of China Academy of Fiscal Science, believes that relying on advanced elements such as talents, technology, knowledge and information, and driven by innovation, we can eliminate the adverse effects of globalization dividend and China’s declining demographic dividend, break through the bottleneck constraints of resources, energy and environment, and realize the transformation of old and new kinetic energy as soon as possible.

　　How to "turn to high-quality development"

　　Having won the first battle, we should persist in changing the development mode, optimizing the economic structure and transforming the growth momentum in the future.

　　"From high-speed growth to high-quality development, we are confident and experienced." Bai Jingming pointed out that at present, the traditional industries are full of vitality, the new industries have a strong momentum, and the new economy is accelerating. China’s economic restructuring is gradually coming out of the painful period and entering the harvest period. "In the first three quarters of 2016, the income tax of industrial enterprises was 584.3 billion yuan, an increase of only 0.6%; In the same period of this year, the income tax of industrial enterprises increased by 21.3% year-on-year, which was particularly obvious. There are factors such as a low base last year and rising prices this year, but more importantly, enterprises have taken the initiative to adjust their structure and the added value of high-tech industries has increased substantially. "

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, innovation and development have released strong kinetic energy and created one "China Miracle" after another; Coordinate development to make up for shortcomings and make development more stable; Green development is firmly advanced, and man and nature are more harmonious; Open development will achieve mutual benefit and win-win results, and the development world will be broader; Sharing development enhances people’s well-being, and social fairness and justice are more prominent … … Practice has fully proved that we have won the first battle and stood on the platform of "high quality development" in the new era.

　　However, we still face many challenges from high-speed growth to high-quality development.

　　For example, there are still a considerable amount of capital, land and labor resources, which are deposited in industries with serious excess capacity and high pollution, which has dragged down economic transformation and efficiency improvement. Through supply-side structural reform, these essential resources should be gradually transferred and injected into emerging and green industries.

　　Another example is that decentralization has achieved remarkable results, and enterprises have gone into battle lightly, but the interconnection of information systems between various departments and governments at all levels needs to be accelerated. "A national unified government service platform should be formed so that enterprises and the masses can feel more about ‘ Streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services ’ The effectiveness of the reform, in addition to the disadvantages of annoyance, the implementation of fair policies, and the opening of the door to convenience. " Wang Yukai said.

　　For another example, green development still has a long way to go. Judging from the cases exposed by the Central Environmental Protection Inspector Group in the past two years, some places still have stubborn diseases and bad habits of sacrificing green mountains and green hills for Jinshan Yinshan.

　　The stage of high-quality development is irreversible, and the task of high-quality development cannot wait, so we need to roll up our sleeves and work hard.

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward six strategic measures, including deepening supply-side structural reform to promote the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure and product structure; Accelerate the construction of an innovative country, and promote the improvement of quality and efficiency with independent innovation technology; Implement rural revitalization strategy and regional coordinated development strategy to solve the problem of unbalanced and insufficient economic development and release new kinetic energy of economic development; Accelerate the improvement of the socialist market economic system, establish institutional mechanisms conducive to improving the quality of economic development and improving the ecological environment, and enhance the vitality of economic development; Promote the formation of a new pattern of comprehensive opening up and make better use of global markets and resources.

　　"In the future, we should still persist in transforming the development mode, optimizing the economic structure and transforming the growth momentum." Gao Peiyong pointed out that in the future, economic development will still shift from extensive growth of scale and speed to intensive growth of quality and efficiency, and from incremental capacity expansion to deep adjustment of adjusting stocks and doing both excellent and incremental; From traditional growth point to new growth point. "These tasks are consistent with the economic policy framework formed since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, that is, the economic policy framework based on the major judgment of the new normal of economic development, guided by the new development concept and with the supply-side structural reform as the main line. Next, in the process of implementing the spirit of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, these policies should be continuously deepened, refined and rigidly implemented. " Gao Peiyong said.

China Economic News Network (Xing Rui)Plug-in technology has been around for a long time, but it has only been in the past few years. Why do people like plug-in more and more? Some people say that it is "oil and electricity", firmly grasping the demand point of the market.

At this stage, "fuel and electricity" seems to be the best choice at present: first, the plug-in hybrid can get a green card, which solves the "indicator problem" of some consumers; second, the plug-in hybrid solves the "low-cost commuting problem" of consumers’ daily commute; third, the plug-in hybrid has better comprehensive battery life, which can solve the "battery life anxiety" of long-distance travel.

Due to the "advantages" of plug-ins, more brands naturally choose to join, but in the process of growing the plug-in camp, we found that people still pay more attention to how to "save fuel". For Japanese brands that have been immersed in this road for a long time, "fuel saving" is just a convenient thing, but "excellent handling level is equally important". GAC Honda believes that in the current era of extreme comfort, driving is still a "favorite" of many people.

As the first plug-in hybrid model of GAC Honda, the Accord e: PHEV (plug-in hybrid) can be regarded as an arrow to break the trend – HEV is difficult to obtain policy dividends, pure electric and lack of market response, plug-in hybrid may be able to make a profit by virtue of technical advantages. Therefore, Honda has developed plug-in hybrid on the basis of the original HEV technology, which is also a necessary option to adapt to market demand. Of course, from the perspective of market demand, plug-in hybrid has a strong upward momentum, which has also strengthened Honda’s determination to promote plug-in hybrid technology in the Chinese market.

Some people say that Honda is more aggressive than Toyota. In fact, Toyota has launched plug-in hybrid models in small cars before, but the market performance is average, so it has adopted a more cautious strategy in B-class cars. The ninth-generation Camry, which went on sale in March this year, gave up the plug-in hybrid version and still relies on fuel and hybrid. So it seems that the 11th-generation Accord, which went on sale last year, directly replaced the HEV with plug-in hybrid, which is simply "daring".

Since Accord has the intention to do it, it must be confident in its technical strength. Honda’s plug-in hybrid technology was born from the fourth-generation i-MMD dual-motor hybrid system, which can be said to be "better than blue", which makes Accord plug-in hybrid have better driving performance and comprehensive performance. There are two points that stand out: one is that Accord’s plug-in hybrid has better driving control; the other is that the improvement of NVH (silent effect) is also extremely obvious.

First of all, let’s talk about the driving control. The Accord plug-in is based on the new car-making concept of Honda Architecture’s new architecture. It integrates the advantages of high rigidity, low center of gravity, and lightweight into the body, and the driving heaviness is similar to that of a luxury car. In addition, the ADS adaptive shock absorption system and MMS motion management system also make the Accord plug-in and mix calm and have a great driving texture. At the same time, there is no gearshift setback, accurate steering, solid chassis, natural corner roll control, and no obvious vertigo during the driving of the whole vehicle.

Look at NVH again. Accord’s plug-in "mute" performance is better, which is also an important indicator of the improvement of "driving texture". In the case of electricity, the "pure electric mode" guarantees an excellent mute effect. At the same time, the engine compartment and the body have also strengthened the noise barrier, so basically you can’t hear the noise when the engine is working. At the same time, it also comes standard with front-row soundproof glass and active noise reduction, which makes the cockpit environment more quiet. With 12 speakers of the palace-level BOSE luxury sound system, it can be said to be "suitable for both movement and sound".

In addition, the Accord plug-in is equipped with a large 17.7kWh battery, which allows it to have a pure electric battery life (NEDC) of up to 106km. Because of its mature and efficient energy management system, the three modes of EV, hybrid and engine can be switched smoothly, so that there is electricity, no electricity generation, and the engine with hot topic efficiency ensures the "perfect compatibility" of high performance and low fuel consumption during operation: the 335N · m strong torque motor guarantees excellent performance, but the NEDC comprehensive operating condition is only 4L/100km.

In terms of human-machine interaction, the Accord is equipped with a 10.2-inch instrument panel + 12.3-inch central control screen, an 11.5-inch HUD head-up display, a streaming rearview mirror, and a cockpit environment control knob specially designed for Chinese users. It also retains some physical buttons, which not only increases the sense of technology, but also does not lose convenience. It strikes a good balance between trends and habits.

Another highlight of the Accord plug-in is the DMC facial recognition function, which can recognize more than 150 functions, and the driver can instantly switch exclusive settings without manual operation by the user. In addition, the Honda CONNECT 4.0 intelligent guide interconnection system integrates services such as voice assistant, car home interconnection, AR navigation, mobile phone wearing end point, and even Karaoke in the car. The overall experience is very satisfactory.

In addition, the Honda SENSING 360 safety super-sensing system uses 5 millimeter-wave radars + 6 sonar sensors + front camera solutions, which greatly improves the detection accuracy and distance, and adds functions such as FCTW Passing Prophet, LCCM lane-changing guard, ALCA lane-changing smart driver, ACC corner smart driver, Honda Parking Pilot smart parking assistance, LKAS lane keeping, etc. At the same time, the whole system is equipped with 10 airbags as standard, jointly creating a 360 ° safe mobile space.

In fact, whether it is compared with the 1.5T version or the old HEV version, the Accord plug-in version has to do better in all aspects, including NVH, driving texture, power response, and car cost. Of course, some people miss the "sharp and powerful" of the previous generation of Accord, which is really "radish and cabbage have their own love". But in fact, each generation of Accord has a lot of fans, and continuous evolution is the secret to Accord’s longevity.

　　Reading tips

　　In recent years, with the continuous expansion of domestic planting scale, domestic fruits have been upgraded and their quality is getting better and better. With the upgrading of consumption, the pattern of production and sales is also quietly changing. Consumers bought domestic imported fruits with good quality and low price, and also intuitively experienced the improvement of the quality of domestic fruits.

　　In supermarkets and farmers’ markets in major cities in China, products originally belonging to imported fruit areas, such as Sunshine Rose Green Extract, Soft Seed Pomegranate, Autumn Pear and Wild Persimmon, have now appeared in domestic fruit areas.

　　"It used to cost more than 100 yuan to buy a string of sunshine roses. Now, in the chain fruit shop at my door, the B-grade sunshine roses are only 29.9 yuan per kilogram." Ma Chunying, a resident of Ganhe Home in Urumqi, Xinjiang, said.

　　In recent years, with the continuous expansion of domestic planting scale, more and more imported fruits have been "localized". According to the data of Tianyancha, there are currently over 6 million fruit-related enterprises in China. With the consumption upgrading, the production and sales pattern of domestic fruits is also quietly changing.

　　The source of fruit tends to be domestic.

　　In the modern agricultural science and technology industrial park in Shaya County, Xinjiang, the huge cherries ushered in the first batch of ripe fruits this year in May. With a bite, the flesh was full, the stone was small, and the juice was moderately sweet and sour, which was booked by many tourists. Looking at the clusters of red and full fruits hanging on the trees, some tourists can’t help feeling: "We have also realized the freedom of fresh cherries."

　　Looking back on the fruit market in the past 10 years, at the beginning, people’s demand for high-quality fruits such as cherries was mainly met by imports. "Chilean cherries, Japanese sunshine roses, Thai golden pillow durian, etc., in the early days when imported fruits entered the market, we rarely purchased them, fearing that they could not be sold." Looking at the dazzling array of fruits in front of me, Xu Weiwei, the wholesale market owner of the New Beiyuan Spring Agricultural Products Center in Urumqi, said. In 2019, following his father’s footsteps, he placed his No.2 fruit shop in the "New North Garden Spring" market, and the Xu family witnessed the changes in fruit consumption for two generations.

　　From high-quality fruits in season to out-of-season fruits, more and more imported fruits have flooded into China market, filling the gap of high-end products in China fruit market. While imported fruits occupy the market in China, they also quietly affect the fruit industry in China.

　　In order to ensure the freshness of fruits, imported fruits are often picked under immature conditions. After a long transportation, the taste and quality are greatly reduced. How to overcome this shortcoming? China counterparts turned the origin of fruit to China.

　　"In the past, citrus in Australia occupied the market. After 2010, the market purchased more citrus from Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi and other places in China, which was delicious and cheap." Xu Weiwei said.

　　Not only citrus, but more than 80% of pitaya came from Vietnam when it first entered the China market. After the successful cultivation and promotion of pitaya in China, it replaced 60% of Vietnam’s imports.

　　Nowadays, pitaya has not only taken root in the south of China, but also been introduced to the western part of the motherland. "Most of the pitaya on the market are shipped from the south, and now we can also eat the local red pitaya." Jin Hongjun, a dragon fruit grower in the 11th regiment of the 1st Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, said.

　　Grow high-quality fruits

　　Imported fruits take root in China and bring economic benefits to local growers. However, the good times did not last long, and the traditional concept of "selling by heaps" made farmers only pay attention to output, but ignored quality. Therefore, when it comes to high-quality fruits, consumers still prefer "import".

　　"There are more than ten yuan of cherries and imported cherries (that is, cherries) from outside vendors. No matter the size or color, you can see the difference at a glance, let alone the taste." Xu Weiwei said.

　　Consumers’ demand for quality makes farmers pay more attention to the grading pricing of fruits. However, the transformation of planting concept, input cost and technology can not be separated from the support of science and technology.

　　The first time I tasted the "dinosaur egg" was in Cao Xiaofei’s forest fruit nursery. At that time, he was conducting investigation and research with the forest fruit seedling experts hired. Cao Xiaofei is the head of Xinjiang Aksu Desert True Fruit Industry Co., Ltd., which is mainly engaged in the seedling cultivation of Xinjiang characteristic forest fruit seedlings.

　　According to him, "dinosaur egg" is an imported American fruit plum, which is very crisp in taste and can be stored for a long time. "In recent years, ‘ Dinosaur egg ’ Our seedlings sell well. "

　　In 2010, Xinjiang Academy of Forestry introduced a number of apricot and plum varieties for trial planting in Aksu, among which the successfully planted varieties were "dinosaur egg", thick flavor, delicious emperor and delicious queen.

　　In 2018, in Suzhong Farm, Qiemo County, Xinjiang, Liu Huashan, the person in charge, moved the experimental field to the field. In his view, the southern part of Xinjiang has a large temperature difference, long sunshine time and little rain, and planting American apricot and plum trees has unique advantages. In order to grow high-quality apricots and plums, he started with agricultural materials and seedlings according to the market acquisition standards, realized unified standard procurement, improved the local saline-alkali soil and tested it regularly, and formulated a set of standardized operation procedures.

　　"Our positioning is high-end fruit. The initial investment in standardized orchards is relatively high. If the fruits planted do not meet the market standards, there will be little benefit in bearing more fruits." Liu Huashan said.

　　In Shaanxi, Fujian, Shandong, Yunnan and other places where "imported fruits" were planted earlier than Xinjiang, the efforts of new farmers are not only manifested in planting techniques and refined orchard management, but also like product managers to inspect the market, analyze advantages and disadvantages, and analyze competitors, so as to adjust planting varieties. Yan Hu, president of Yunnan Binchuan Farmers’ Pomegranate Research Association, expects that the new pomegranate varieties "Angel Red" and "Huaguang" with China’s own intellectual property rights will replace the soft-seeded pomegranate market in Tunisia in the future.

　　Cold chain technology allows fruits to shuttle north and south.

　　In August this year, a train loaded with 32 cold chain containers and 640 tons of Xinjiang Jiashi Ximei departed from Kashgar Station, arrived at Shaanxi Weicheng Station in three days, and was sold all over the country after transit.

　　The person in charge of China Railway Urumqi Bureau Group Co., Ltd. told the Workers Daily that the transportation of Ximei is a technologically advanced railway cold chain logistics vehicle. The box is powered on 24 hours a day, and the whole operation process is monitored remotely. The data indicators in the box are updated every 5 minutes. The mobile intelligent cold storage can guarantee the freshness of Ximei to the maximum extent.

　　As a typical "imported fruit", prunes introduced from France have taken root in the northwest of China. Jiashi County, Xinjiang, occupies 40% of the country’s prune planting area and 60% of the country’s output, and has become the largest production, processing and export base of high-quality prunes in China.

　　As early as 2020, China’s Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs launched the construction project of cold storage and preservation facilities for agricultural products producing areas, speeding up the completion of the shortcomings of the "last mile" cold chain logistics facilities in producing areas, and minimizing the post-harvest losses of fruits.

　　Nowadays, domestic "imported fruit" has formed a new circulation path while moving towards people’s dining tables, subverting the traditional fruit industry.

　　From the source, quality control to cold chain transportation, qualified fruits enter the retail channel according to different grades. For consumers, they can not only buy domestic imported fruits with good quality and low price, but also greatly reduce the probability of buying "rotten fruits" and "inferior products", and intuitively experience the improvement of domestic fruit quality.