标签归档 苏州适合夜游的地方

　　Recently, a "love sharing station" has been unveiled in major subway stations in Qingdao one after another. It not only provides passengers with a number of convenient services such as shared power banks, shared umbrellas, paper towel sales, and subway morning newspapers, but also provides emergency medical supplies such as medical kits and defibrillators. Once the machine was launched, it was well received by many passengers and praised it one after another.

　　The inventor of this project is Liu Tongxin, who is known as the innovation expert. Before that, he had invented and incubated more than a dozen innovative products such as hotel gathering multimedia systems, flexible screen laptops, and mural TVs. In recent years, what has made him famous is undoubtedly his original shared power bank technology solution and business model. "In 2014, I laid out more than 20 shared power bank patents. This is the earliest batch of patents in the field of shared power banks, and three of them are core patents." Liu Tongxin said that due to his original innovation and patent layout in the field of shared power banks, he is known as the "father of shared power banks".

　　Creativity comes from a trip to the United States

　　Liu Tongxin’s idea for the shared power bank project originated from a visit to the United States. In June 2014, Liu Tongxin followed a delegation to the United States to investigate innovation and entrepreneurship projects. One night, while he was out, his mobile phone and power bank were dead, which inspired him to invent a shared charging model.

　　"I thought at that time, if there is a box, I can put the power bank that is dead and replace it with a power bank with electricity, which can solve the charging needs of many users." Liu Tongxin believes that mobile phone users have a rigid demand for battery power in public places, and with the increasing number of smartphone users, the number of users sharing power banks will show a rapid growth trend.

　　With the idea of "shared charging", Liu Tongxin began to implement it. On the plane back to China, he designed a complete set of technical solutions for shared power banks. After returning to China, he immediately organized the technicians in the laboratory to set up a research and development team to start developing this technical solution.

　　At the same time as the technology development, he carried out patent layout. "For this project, we have submitted more than 20 patent applications and have been authorized successively. Among them, three patents are the core technologies in the field of shared charging, and their names are’An identifiable mobile phone rechargeable battery and its identification method ‘ (patent number: ZL201410666867.0),’ A mobile phone battery charging replacement system and charging method ‘ (patent number: ZL201410667099.0),’ A mobile phone battery charging case ‘ (patent number: ZL201410667122.6). This is the first batch of shared power bank patents, which is a real process from 0 to 1, and most of them are invention patents." Liu Tongxin said.

　　Product landing encounters confusion

　　In November 2014, Liu Tongxin began planning how to turn the drawings into real objects. Since there were no companies in Qingdao that produced power banks, he decided to send the R & D team to Shenzhen to seek partners for power banks.

　　In Shenzhen, the R & D team has reached a cooperation intention with a number of power bank manufacturers. When the two sides communicated the technical details, the engineers of the R & D team informed the other party of the technical solution, and later, they also showed them the patent application documents.

　　Liu Tongxin said: "At the end of 2015, I found shared power bank cabinets produced and launched by a Shenzhen Technology Co., Ltd. in several shopping malls in Shenzhen one after another. This was exactly the same as the technical solution of the shared power bank I designed. This surprised me very much. I realized that the technical solution may have been leaked. After I conducted a patent search, I found that this company submitted a large number of utility model patent applications after I submitted the patent application, and this company was raising money everywhere. It kept claiming to investors that they invented the shared power bank. This made me very angry. At that time, I especially wanted to take up legal weapons to protect my legal rights and interests. Later, this company launched several lawsuits against other shared power bank companies."

　　Look for partners cautiously

　　With the advent of the sharing economy boom, the business model of shared charging has gradually been recognized by the market, and the number of entrants has increased rapidly. As the inventor of shared power banks and the holder of core patents, Liu Tongxin is also known to more and more people. Many companies have come to seek cooperation, hoping that he can transfer the patent of shared charging to them. He told reporters: "The technical solutions used in the entire power bank industry are inseparable from my three core patents."

　　In this regard, Liu Tongxin had his own considerations. He hoped that his partners would be companies with big ideas, and he did not want patents to become a tool for corporate competition. After repeated consideration, he finally chose to cooperate with Shenzhen Street Electric Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Street Electric).

　　Liu Tongxin believes that the market size and scale of Street Power and its strong financial strength can better translate his patented technology into products. "I hope to promote the development of this industry together with leading enterprises," Liu Tongxin said.

　　Businesses should promote innovation together

　　Standing in the trend of the sharing economy, shared power bank enterprises have been able to develop rapidly, but at the same time, the market competition in this field has become increasingly fierce, and patent disputes have also arisen. It is understood that, taking Street Electric as an example, there have been dozens of cases of patent infringement sued by Shenzhen Caller Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Caller).

　　Since March 2017, Caller has initiated more than 30 patent infringement lawsuits against Jiedian in Shenzhen, Beijing, Guangzhou and other places, with a total amount of tens of millions of yuan. In addition, Caller also filed an injunction application with the Guangzhou Intellectual Property Court, asking the court to order Jiedian and others to stop the alleged infringement first.

　　In response to the lawsuit of the caller, Street Electric filed a request for patent invalidation on 7 patents of the caller, and the original Patent Reexamination Board made a review decision after the trial, of which 5 patents were claims of infringement that were declared invalid, 1 patent was claims of infringement that were declared partially invalid, and the other 1 patent was found not to be creative by the court in the administrative litigation of invalidation, and the original Patent Reexamination Board was ordered to make a new review decision.

　　In addition, Jiedian believes that Caller has filed 30 patent infringement lawsuits with the Beijing Intellectual Property Court and the Shenzhen Intermediate People’s Court (hereinafter referred to as the Shenzhen Intermediate People’s Court) on the basis of the same 6 patents. These 30 cases have the same parties; and the rights basis on which these 30 lawsuits are based are all the same 6 patents. In particular, the alleged infringing products involved in the 24 cases filed in the Shenzhen Intermediate Court are all the same type of cabinet products of Jiedian, which belong to the same litigation object. Jiedian believes that this is a typical duplicate lawsuit. Caller believes that it is not a duplicate lawsuit. At the same time, Jiedian believes that Caller is also suspected of spreading misinformation and misleading information, which is an act of unfair competition.

　　After the trial, the Shenzhen Intermediate Court ruled that Street Electricity’s lawsuit was established, requiring the caller to immediately stop the unfair competition, publicly apologize to Street Electricity on its official website, WeChat official account and more than ten media for the unfair competition, eliminate the negative impact, and compensate Street Electricity for economic losses and reasonable expenses of 5 million yuan. At present, the case is in the process of 2nd-round Moderation.

　　Regarding these patent disputes, Liu Tongxin believes: "The purpose of enterprises to carry out patent layout should be to build their own protective’armor ‘, rather than maliciously attack others."

　　"The market competition in the shared power bank industry should not be a zero-sum game, and the relationship between enterprises should be mutual promotion and common progress." Liu Tongxin said that at present, there is still a lot of room for innovation in the shared power bank industry in our country, and the shared power bank enterprises should focus on technological innovation, provide users with better services and create higher value. Only in this way can the entire industry develop better. (Intellectual Property News, Andy)

　　【 honk 】

　　In 2021, it is the 20th anniversary of the "9.11" incident that shocked the world, and it is also the 20th anniversary of the Afghan war launched by the United States. As the longest war in American history, it made the United States pay a heavy material price and casualties, and finally forced the United States to start withdrawing troops from Afghanistan. On April 14, 2021, the Biden administration of the United States announced that it would withdraw all US troops stationed in Afghanistan by September 11. However, 20 years later, what has this war left for Afghanistan?

　　Turbulent, divided and impoverished Afghanistan

　　After the "9.11" incident, the United States quickly launched the war in Afghanistan, overthrew the Taliban regime and drove away Al Qaeda. In the following 20 years, the United States continued the war on terrorism in Afghanistan, promoted post-war reconstruction and carried out so-called democratic transformation. As a result, Afghanistan has established a so-called Western-style democratic republic, achieved low-speed economic growth, and established a national security force.

　　However, 20 years later, Afghanistan is still a conflict and turbulent country. A strategic goal of the United States in launching the war in Afghanistan is to make Afghanistan no longer a breeding ground for terrorism, but this goal has not been achieved. Because although the Taliban has been overthrown as a regime, it has been reorganized since 2003. So far, it has developed into an anti-American and anti-government political and military organization with more than 80,000 members. In addition to the Taliban, various extremist organizations such as Al Qaeda and the Khorasan branch of the Islamic State are also very active in Afghanistan. According to the annual Global global peace index released in June 2019, Afghanistan has replaced Syria as the most insecure country in the world. In the past 20 years, the conflict has brought a serious humanitarian disaster to Afghanistan. As of 2019, more than 40,000 civilians have died in Afghanistan, more than 60,000 people have been injured, and about 11 million people have become refugees.

　　Afghanistan remains a de facto divided country. The United States and the Afghan government it supports cannot effectively govern the whole country, and mainly control the central and western regions and the northern regions, as well as large and medium-sized cities and transportation trunk lines throughout the country. The Afghan government is also inseparable from the military protection of the United States and its western allies. In addition, it also faces difficulties such as low governance efficiency and rampant corruption. On the other hand, the Taliban has controlled many areas such as southeastern and southern Afghanistan, and implemented effective management in a solid jurisdiction. For example, the implementation of Islamic law, providing protection to local people and helping to resolve civil or commercial disputes, actually forms a political separation trend with the Afghan government.

　　Afghanistan is also one of the least developed countries in the world. The industrial and agricultural foundation is weak, food is not self-sufficient, the economy is heavily dependent on foreign aid, finance is not self-reliant, and people’s lives are hard. 2019— In fiscal year 2020, Afghanistan’s GDP was about 18.89 billion US dollars, and its per capita GDP was only 586.6 US dollars. Although Afghanistan’s fiscal revenue has increased year by year, it has been unable to make ends meet for many years, and 60% of its budget comes from international aid. The unemployment rate has been rising for many years, reaching 40% in 2019. Some laborers can only earn about $60 a month, making it difficult to support their families.

　　American factors that can not be ignored

　　The war on terrorism and the failure of reconstruction in Afghanistan are the result of various factors. However, as a promoter and leader, the American factor cannot be ignored. The reason is:

　　First, after the end of the Cold War, the United States became the only superpower in the world, and hegemonism and militarism expanded, which led to the "anti-terrorism" front being stretched too long. The war in Afghanistan is the first war fought by the United States since the 21st century. In just over two months, it overthrew the Taliban regime and drove away Al Qaeda. In 2003, the aspiring United States launched the second war, the Iraq war, which quickly overthrew Saddam Hussein’s regime and then began the so-called democratic transformation in Iraq. If the United States attacked Afghanistan, it won the sympathy of the international community, but its attack on Iraq was completely unilateral and did not get the authorization of the United Nations. At the same time, the United States carried out the "anti-terrorism" war and the so-called democratic transformation in two countries, which led to the long front and the shift of strategic center, greatly underestimating the determination and strength of the Taliban to make a comeback. It was after the Iraq war in 2003 that the Taliban began to recruit and organize a large number of new forces and rebuild their intelligence and action networks, thus achieving strategic reorganization.

　　Second, in the past 20 years, American troops stationed in Afghanistan have frequently killed and killed innocent civilians, ignored local religious and cultural customs, and the incidents of humiliating corpses and abusing prisoners have been constantly exposed, which has aroused the anti-American sentiment of the Afghan people and prompted more people to join the anti-American anti-government team. For example, from January to April 2012, incidents in which American soldiers insulted the bodies of anti-American militants in Afghanistan were exposed one after another. In February, soldiers stationed in the US military base in Afghanistan burned a large number of religious books including the Koran. In March, an American soldier shot and killed 16 innocent Afghan civilians. This series of incidents has triggered large-scale anti-American protests in Afghanistan and neighboring countries, and the Taliban also took the opportunity to strengthen retaliatory attacks on US troops stationed in Afghanistan. Over the past 20 years, the American media have repeatedly disclosed various incidents of prisoner abuse by the US military and intelligence departments. In 2017, a prosecutor of the International Criminal Court decided to fully investigate possible war crimes and crimes against humanity committed by the United States.

　　Third, the so-called western-style democracy may not be suitable for Afghanistan’s national conditions. Modern western democratic system can be generally established in European and American countries, which has gone through hundreds of years. During this period, it experienced the enlightenment of the Renaissance and the religious revolution, the direct promotion of the industrial revolution, and the repeated baptism of the bourgeois revolution. However, Afghanistan does not have the corresponding economic, class and ideological and cultural foundation. First of all, Afghanistan is one of the least developed countries in the world, with a low level of productivity. Secondly, since the 20th century, the capitalist economy has developed to a certain extent in Afghanistan, and a constitutional monarchy or a republican regime was established in the 1960s and 1970s. However, on the whole, the polarization between the rich and the poor in Afghanistan is wide, and about 40% of the population still lives below the poverty line. Thirdly, there are many tribes and ethnic groups in Afghanistan, and their identity is higher than that of the state, resulting in serious social and political polarization. Afghanistan is an Islamic country, and most people believe in Islam. It is difficult for many people, especially the middle and lower classes, to accept western democratic values. In such a country, Western-style democracy may aggravate the political and social division in Afghanistan, leading to national instability and ineffective governance.

　　It can be seen that the war in Afghanistan, which lasted for nearly 20 years, left a turbulent, divided and poor Afghanistan, and the United States should deeply reflect on its wrong policies.

　　(Author: Wang Feng, Unit: China Institute of African Studies, China Academy of Social Sciences)